The emotional development of a preschooler is an extremely subtle and interesting topic. She is given enough attention in the research field, in pedagogy and psychological science. It is very important that parents are also interested in some changes in the development of their offspring. You can’t let everything drift, hoping that a difficult situation will somehow be resolved on its own. The program for the emotional development of preschoolers can be found on specialized sites, as well as by studying the methodological literature on a specific issue. This will be useful for both parents and caregivers.
Indicators
The social and emotional development of preschoolers is a topic that deserves close attention. It is good when leading experts have certain knowledge that helps to determine how the child develops. This is a great success, which is not always and not all have a place. The most common mistake is to try to compare children with each other and draw conclusions in advance by hanging labels.
When there is no personal approach, then a lot is lost, the problem is hushed up, not solved. The emotional and personal development of a preschooler is an extremely broad and difficult question. It should be approached with all responsibility, while not forgetting to take into account individual characteristics. Let us consider in more detail significant indicators, which, of course, must be taken into account.
Importance of Adult Assessment
Sometimes from the side it seems that the child is doing everything to make his parents lose his temper. He is rude to his peers, disobeys educators, endlessly provokes anger at himself, performs ugly acts. Adults often end with patience, and they switch to a cry, dominant models of education. Often, childhood trauma is thus exacerbated, grows even more. In fact, this often happens because for a baby the evaluation of all his actions by adults is too significant.
If the child lacks attention, he will try to compensate for this moment in some other, more accessible way. Most of all for him is terrible to lose approval and support. Unfortunately, parents also do not always understand this. Not everyone chooses the right means of emotional development of preschoolers. Many people knowingly act ugly and inadequately in the situation itself, hoping that harsh punishment will help the child recover once and for all. But if the child is constantly ashamed of the slightest misconduct, it is hardly worth waiting for a positive effect. The child simply closes in himself, but does not stop acting in an inappropriate way.
Equilibrium
One of the distinguishing features of the emotional development of preschoolers is such a feature as the ability to control the words spoken. If at three or four years of age it is completely absent, then at five or six years old a boy or girl is already beginning to clearly understand how to behave approximately when they are in a particular situation. They imitate parents a lot, take an example from their closest associates. A child always learns while looking at adults. Sometimes he himself does not realize this, but he always needs timely prompts from close people. A preschooler must be guided in everything, while trying especially not to impose his point of view on him. Sometimes even the calmest child rolls a tantrum or behaves inappropriately in public.
That's because he wants to impress his parents. Secretly from those around him, he always hopes that he will be understood and done exactly as he needs it. A child sometimes sincerely does not understand why he is scolded and why they are ashamed. Even committing some kind of bad deed, he wants to get approval and recognition. A rare parent is able to understand his own child so well as not to injure his psyche, not break his desire for self-development and self-knowledge.
Controllability
It is one of the brightest indicators of the emotional development of a preschooler. This factor is easily observed by adults. After all, the behavior of a child is striking. A loving parent will always notice significant changes in behavior, no matter what they are associated with. If a child of three years is completely dependent on his own feelings, then the emotional development of older preschoolers lies in a completely different plane. He already has basic skills of self-control, can restrain anger, irritation, resentment where necessary.
Of course, you should not expect long exposure from the child, but if necessary, the son or daughter will try not to show their parents how much they are upset or upset. Manageability is a feature of a child of five to six years. He begins to develop self-control skills, although not at a sufficiently high level, as in adults. The child already has an idea of how to behave in society, what is approved, and what actions cause general condemnation. For this reason, raising children is becoming a bit easier. You can always agree with them, show the other side of the situation. Parents and caregivers should learn to act effectively in a word, without punishment. Only in this case will trust increase.
Affective behavior
The emotional development of a younger preschooler is more subject to thoughtless actions. People sometimes do not understand this and begin to demand that a small child comply with some social norms. This is fundamentally the wrong position, not allowing to fully achieve a good result in education. You can forever ruin your relationship with your own offspring and lose his confidence. The child is too much influenced by his own emotions. He often cannot control anger, his own resentment, disappointment.
It often happens that an apparently prosperous child suddenly takes someone else's thing without demand, although he cannot explain to himself why he needs it. He succumbs to the first impulse of feelings. At the same time, no analysis of the situation arises, since this requires the skill of forecasting and awareness. Following a bright emotional outbreak, the child can not always control his own actions. For this reason, child theft occurs. This phenomenon is always motivated by the desire to possess a certain thing. The general outcome of events and the child's attitude to the current situation will depend on the adult's reaction. Affective behavior is quite common. It indicates that the child is in dire need of adult attention. Most likely, parents give him too little time, constantly distracted by something more significant and valuable from their point of view.
Self-esteem development
The ability to adequately perceive your own personality is a prerequisite for the emotional development of preschoolers. The development of self-esteem is largely determined by what kind of relationship a child develops with the outside world. If he constantly faces the negative reaction of others, then he himself gets used to criticizing himself for any reason. Thus, self-doubt, fear of making any mistake develops. In this case, children grow up with a negative view of the world. They do not understand what needs to be done in order to feel better, to cope with their own negative feelings.
When a child is faced with a positive reaction, it initially gets used to think about itself well. He learns to overcome all kinds of obstacles on the way to the goal and build constructive ties. This is extremely important for a successful future life. The development of self-esteem of your child can not be shifted to teachers and psychologists. Every parent should strive to do this. This is the responsibility of every held father and mother. It depends only on the loved ones who the baby of yesterday will become. If at some point we stop praising our children, they will not be able to achieve success.
Search for praise
The emotional and moral development of preschoolers is impossible without such an indicator as a focus on adult approval. The child understands that all his right actions cause pleasant feelings in parents. They praise him for achievements, some individual victories, conscious aspirations to become better. We must always try to support any undertakings of our son or daughter, so that they feel the care of loved ones, they feel that in any situation they can count on their help. Finding praise for a preschooler is a completely natural behavior. Only in this way he has the opportunity to form a positive picture of the world, to be convinced of his own viability. If children regularly receive approval from adults, it becomes easier for them to develop and learn something new. That is why you should never skimp on praise, at all costs insist on your own. Treat your child as a person who always deserves respect, and not only when something pleases you.
Peer competition
You may notice that in preschool childhood, both girls and boys strive to demonstrate their best abilities. They want to win the approval of adults, to feel capable of much. This feeling is necessary for the formation of a positive picture of the world. The social and emotional development of preschoolers cannot take place without inclusion in the public environment. For this, children need a children's team that would allow them to show their abilities, to celebrate individual achievements. Being alone with yourself, it is impossible to come to such results. Otherwise, each of us would simply become isolated and cease to notice what is happening around. There is a kind of competition with peers, during which the child has every chance to feel significant and important.
Only being in a social environment, you can discover your true capabilities. That is why experts recommend still giving the child to a children's educational institution. No matter how you want to leave him in a warm home environment before school, this is not recommended. It is in every team that healthy competition arises, which helps to build up much-needed self-confidence and self-esteem.
Inability to anticipate events
The emotional development of a preschooler occurs in several stages, gradually. Immediately visible changes are not visible, since many skills simply accumulate, but are not expressed at the same time as they appeared. A child at the age of five or six is still too small to predict the further outcome of an event. He has not yet learned to control his own actions, and most often acts under the influence of strong impressions. It’s still difficult for the kid to push emotions to the background, although he tries to imitate the close adults with might and main. The child is too much influenced by his own feelings. Negative and positive impressions act on him in the same way, often forcing to worry about one reason or another.
Methodologies
The development of emotional intelligence in preschoolers is facilitated by various exercises. They are aimed primarily at understanding what the child himself is experiencing and what others feel in connection with his behavior. The methods of emotional development of preschoolers are highly effective. It is necessary to observe certain rules for conducting classes in order for them to be remembered as brightly as possible by the baby, to produce the best effect. Let's consider them in more detail.
Game method
Diagnosis of the emotional development of preschoolers can take place according to how an adult will observe. The game is an integral element of the knowledge of the world. Its role cannot be minimized or attempted to be denied at all. With the help of the game, the child expresses his feelings, exposes those situations and experiences that he really cares about at the moment. If the girl is too much attached to her dolls, then most likely she does not have enough warmth and attention of her mother. She seeks to fill this gap by rocking and dressing her toys. Often, boys love soft teddy bears and bunnies.
This suggests that the child experiences a feeling of loneliness and wants to be understood. Manifestations in games of any aggressive orientation indicates a dysfunction in family relationships. The kid does not feel protected. Most likely, he is somewhat alarmed, upset, depressed. Using extremely active methods, the child subconsciously seeks to get rid of fear and despair.
Various scenes
Theatricalization is a very effective method of emotional development of preschoolers. That is how the child learns to express his own feelings and tries to understand others. In this case, there is a greater chance of recognizing inappropriate behavior and correcting existing errors. You can organize such scenes with children that would teach them to understand what the opponent is experiencing when they are in a particular situation. This is an extremely valuable acquisition, which just so can hardly be learned. In this case, vivid and unambiguous assessments should be avoided. The child must necessarily draw conclusions independently, otherwise the educational effect will be significantly reduced. Even a simple observer who carefully watches from the side for what is happening, is able to assess the general state of things. The fact is that in most cases young children do not dissemble and in everyday reactions you can track everything that worries them at a given time.
Art therapy
Specialists recognize it as a true salvation from negativity. The fact is that people often hush up their own emotions, because they are afraid to receive condemnation in the person of society. Even adult men and women sometimes need to relieve their consciousness from disturbing thoughts. Children are most susceptible to any stress. They still do not know how to express their own emotions, and therefore the experiences can be very strong, not comparable with the anxieties of adults. Art therapy helps to remove self-doubt, correct behavior, lead to good results with regular use. Drawing a frightening picture, the child seems to meet his own fear, learns to react to it in a new way, to build certain relationships with the surrounding space.
If you constantly turn to this method, then you can free yourself even from intense fears. The main thing is not to miss classes. The emotional development of preschoolers is completely dependent on how adults can organize the process of overcoming difficulties.
Fairy tale therapy
A method that allows you to mentally heal and timely prevent any negative manifestations. With the help of fairy tales, the rapid development of emotional intelligence in preschoolers takes place. The child listens to an entertaining story and learns to separate evil from good. Often, he himself begins to imagine himself in the place of the main characters, draws the appropriate conclusions.
Individual approach
This is a prerequisite, without which none of the above can take place at all. Everything requires an individual approach. One child is not like the other. And this is not surprising. Someone quickly assimilates information, while others require a certain amount of time. In any case, do not rush, apply some negative measures of influence, whether it be a threat or punishment. It is foolish to create the same requirements for everyone and even scold the child for the fact that he does not fit into any framework, does not comply with generally accepted standards. An individual approach will release a large amount of creative energy, which means that a son or daughter will be able to achieve greater and better results.
Thus, parents are directly responsible for the emotional development of the preschooler. Only father and mother can become the first teachers in the adult world for a child who will learn how to behave in society, what should be paid attention to when choosing a solution. Not always a little man will succeed the first time, but you need to guide him, encourage, help overcome obstacles, correct mistakes. The greater emotional involvement parents can show, the easier and easier it will be for the child. No need to constantly worry and worry for any reason.The closest people should strive to demonstrate confidence and full trust. Only in this case will a harmonious personality capable of many achievements grow and develop.