A sentence is the smallest semantic unit, which is a series of words that are related grammatically and in meaning. A sentence, even consisting of a single word, has a complete meaning, characterized by a certain intonation. In essence, a sentence is a communicative unit.
What are the suggestions? It depends on the point of view from which the proposals are considered.
Carrying out parsing, determine these types of sentences in Russian.
1. For the purpose of the statement of the proposal is divided into:
- Narrative, the purpose of which is the usual transfer of information (Flames soared into the sky, showering the guys with a whole firework of golden sparks.)
- Interrogative. Their goal is to formulate the question (How much can you repeat? When will summer come?)
- Incentive. (Be equal! Quietly! Sing me a song.) An incentive sentence expresses an order, a request, an urge to act.
An incentive sentence differs from the rest not only in its special intonation, but also in the way the predicate is expressed. It can be expressed
- Most often the verb in the incentive mood. (Tell me about the journey. Sing!)
- A verb in an indefinite (infinitive) form (Sing! Break this building!)
- Verbs standing in different forms, but expressing the will of the speaker (I demand immediate obedience!)
- Incomplete sentence without predicate. Such an incentive may use different turns.
- A construction that begins with the “so” union and conveys a categorical order (So that your spirit is not here!)
- An infinitive sentence. Such an incentive expression is usually used for exhortation (You should go to the sea).
- Incomplete sentence without predicate (Newspaper! Be silent!)
The intonationally incentive sentence differs from others in a higher tonality.
2. Intonation (by emotional coloring) distinguish exclamatory and non-exclamatory sentences (I love the beginning of spring! I love the beginning of spring).
3. Depending on whether there is both subject and predicate, any kind of sentence can be two-part (with subject and predicate) or one-part (with one main member) (Examples of two-part: Summer has come. Days have become unbearably hot).
The type of one-part proposal is determined by the presence of the main member.
Nouveau (or nominative) sentences have only the subject (Darkness. Silence. Romance).
Impersonal sentences have only the predicate, in which the subject cannot be meaningful (The head rings from a high temperature. It dims. It is cold).
Definitely personal, too, dispense with the subject. Their basis is the verb 1-2 persons acting as a predicate. In such sentences it’s clear who the speaker is specifically talking to (Silence! Give me a book. Now I’ll sing it).
Generalized-personal constructions denote actions that everyone performs (Chicks in the fall count. Did the job - walk boldly).
Uncertain personal, where the predicate (the verb 3 persons, standing in the plural) indicates that the action in this design is more important than its producer (Outside, they sang loudly and beautifully about love).
4. By the number of minor members, the proposals are divided into non-distributed and widespread (I stand. I look. Sky. (Non-distribution) I look into the blue sky. (Distribution)).
5. Proposals are divided into full, incomplete, depending on whether all the necessary members are present (I carefully read a geography textbook (full). Mom works for me in the hospital. Dad - at school. (Incomplete)).
6. Finally, suggestions may be:
Simple (I like reading).
Complicated (I love life, but it doesn’t seem to pamper me).
Complicated (Swifts were scattered in the sky, which were scared by a gun’s shot).
Complex no-union (the teacher left the classroom, the whine began immediately).
When classifying offers indicate all the characteristics. For example: I am reading a book. Suggestion: narrative, non-exclamatory, two-part, widespread, complete, simple.