As a fruit tree, a pear was known in ancient Greece, Persia and the Roman Empire. Currently, more than one thousand varieties are cultivated worldwide. Trees are used not only to obtain juicy fruits, but also as ornamental plants.
Grade characteristics
Pear Kokinskaya (photo in the text) was obtained by crossing two varieties: Popular and Cure. It got its name from the Kokinsky stronghold of the All-Russian Institute of Horticulture and Nursery, where it was created.
Pear Kokinskaya description:
- ripening autumn;
- medium size, broad-pear-shaped fruit weighing 100-200 grams;
- productivity - up to 100 kg per tree, with age it rises;
- good frost resistance;
- the variety is well resistant to scab and other fungal diseases, and the fruits are more stable than foliage;
- good transportability;
- fruiting for 4-5 years;
- propagated by seedlings, seeds, cuttings;
- life expectancy up to 25 years.
Advantages and disadvantages
Any fruit plant is distinguished by its advantages and disadvantages. The advantages of this variety include amazing in taste taste of the fruit. Delicate juicy pulp with dessert taste, semi-oily, fine-grained, retains its qualities until November. For this, the fruits collected in late August or early September are stored in refrigerators.
An unpretentious tree with good frost resistance and high productivity is very attractive and promising for growing in the middle lane of the country.
As a drawback, experts note a decrease in the size of the fetus with a high yield.
Agricultural technology
Pear Kokinskaya differs in some features of agricultural technology. Southeast, southwest or southern slopes are well suited for planting. The best soils for plants will be loamy and loamy sand with a reaction of pH 4.5-6.5 (neutral). A high alkaline reaction is detrimental to pears, while acidic, slightly acidic soils increase the resistance of trees to scab. Sandy soil promotes rapid growth, which leads to cracking of the bark.
To plant a seedling, dig a hole up to one meter wide and up to 80 cm deep. Plant with such a way that the root neck is at least 5 cm higher than the soil level.A very deep planting provokes the drying of the ends of the branches and a delay in fruiting. Groundwater level should not exceed 2 meters.
Weeds around the trunk must be removed, especially in the first couple of years after planting. The grass between the trees at a height of 15 cm mow and leave it like fertilizer.
Kokinskaya pear has a pyramidal shape, due to the horizontal bending of the shoots. This procedure is repeated every year in May-June, when the shoots reach a length of 15 cm. Forming pruning is performed after planting seedlings. Annual plants are cut in the spring at a height of up to 90 cm, and in two-year-olds all branches are removed, leaving 50 cm. The main formation of the crown is carried out in the first three years. Particular attention is paid to the conductor, removing strong vertical shoots.
Despite good frost resistance, the Kokinskaya pear in the first 5 years of life needs to be insulated. For the winter, plants are whitened with a solution of chalk (lime is used for whitewashing of adult trees) and they are insulated by tying trunks with fir branches. In addition, they are mulched with sawdust, humus, peat or compost.
Using
Kokinskaya pear is delicious fresh. The fruits go for jam and compotes. Pears are great for making jam, marmalade, candied fruit and wine. Traditional medicine and modern pharmacology use the healing properties of the plant to treat bronchitis and acute respiratory diseases.
Pear wood is highly regarded among artists and sculptors for its durability, original design and ductility during processing. She goes to the manufacture of musical instruments, furniture, toys, souvenirs and even jewelry.