Maintenance of boiler houses is a series of several operations that should be carried out regularly. Failure to carry out such work entails not just damage, but also the risk of an object exploding. If it is, for example, a gas boiler room. More information is provided in the article.
Boiler rooms
Maintenance of these facilities is one of the most important requirements because it significantly increases their service life, as well as the service life of all additional systems and equipment available in the boiler room. The peculiarities of this operation include the fact that very expensive equipment is located in the boiler room, and therefore, if a breakdown occurs, the cost of replacing it will be very high. It will be much cheaper to spend on carrying out preventive repair work, which will avoid undesirable disturbances at the facility, and, consequently, disruptions in the heat supply in your home. It is also worth noting that there are several types of boiler houses. The main sign by which they are distinguished by each other is their coolant, which is engaged in the generation of heat.
Classification
When servicing a boiler house, it is very important to know in advance which type of heat carrier is installed at this facility. They are of the following types:
- gas fired equipment;
- liquid fuel boilers;
- solid fuel facilities;
- electric boilers;
- combined types of boilers.
It is important to understand that each of these boilers has its own specificity, which largely determines the process of checking and conducting maintenance of the boiler room. For example, if you take the gas version of the boiler room, then when checking them, a mandatory point will be the search for gas leaks, while when servicing solid fuel boilers, this problem does not arise at all. It is worth noting that the complexity of the inspection and maintenance of boiler houses also lies in their method of placement. If an object is built into the unit by a unit, the maintenance process is facilitated, since the dimensions of the units are much smaller, and the equipment itself. But if the boiler room is a separate building, then you have to conduct a lot more checks, since there are more specialized equipment.
Types of work
Since in the process of operation the boiler equipment is highly susceptible to the process of natural wear and tear, it is important not only to repair it, but also to carry out maintenance work. In addition to breakdowns, contamination of some parts or compartments may also occur, which must also be eliminated. For these reasons, two types of work are distinguished: shift repair and scheduled maintenance. The last type of repair can include the types of repair and maintenance of the boiler room, such as current and capital. Interrepair maintenance (shift repair) is necessary in order to carry out supervision and maintenance of equipment, as well as carry out minor repairs of units and pipes. This type of work is not planned; it is carried out by the personnel on duty at the boiler room and the mechanic on duty. The full and timely implementation of these types of work will reduce the cost and need for overhaul of boiler houses.
Preventative
These works are carried out according to a predetermined plan. Preventive maintenance of boiler devices and pipes according to the plan is required two or three times a year. Equipment overhaul should be carried out once a year. The amount of work that will need to be carried out during the maintenance of boiler equipment depends on the condition of all its devices, as well as on the type of heating element. The following operations are referred to as maintenance operations:
- partial dismantling of equipment;
- disassembling and testing of individual boiler units;
- repair or replacement of those parts that have become unusable due to wear and tear;
- inspection of individual equipment parts in order to identify their condition.
The purpose of the overhaul is to restore the equipment to its original condition, as well as improving technical specifications.
Equipment reception
After the overhaul, the purpose of which is to identify and replace all defective equipment, correct all defects of the unit, completely disassemble the equipment, carry out the acceptance of devices. It is worth saying that the capital part of the maintenance is carried out by a team or a specialized organization.
Acceptance of equipment occurs with the preparation of relevant documents, after the preparation and confirmation of which, the boiler room is considered serviceable and can be put into operation. Possible malfunctions that occur during the operation of the devices lead to that. that there is a need for an unscheduled, that is, emergency repair. In order to minimize or completely avoid such problems, the state technical supervision carries out scheduled inspections of the internal and external elements of the boilers, as well as conducts hydraulic type tests.
Gas boiler rooms
It is worth saying that the maintenance instructions for boilers are divided by type depending on the type of unit. Even, for example, for gas boilers there is no single repair manual. For different devices, different rules. For example, there is an instruction that applies to the repair of boilers such as KASV-1.86 and VK-21.
These instructions prescribe safety rules for repairs. It also establishes the admission of persons to repair equipment. These must be people who are at least 18 years old, who underwent a medical examination, received an appropriate education in an institution that has a license from the State Technical Inspection and has the right to issue a certificate confirming the person’s right to repair boiler equipment. It is also worth noting that employees who have passed a full test of knowledge are allowed to service gas boilers.
Employee Admission
Each enterprise engaged in servicing boiler equipment should periodically check the knowledge of its personnel. That is, at least once a year. Also, this check should be carried out when transferring repair personnel servicing a boiler of one type to another. The last reason for verification may be the transition of the boiler from one type of fuel used to another.
It is also important to note that when changing the duty staff, which must occur on time that meets the internal rules of the schedule, it is necessary to check the equipment. The visiting staff must check the entries in the shift log, inspect all equipment, and check the health of the alarm and lighting. These are the most important rules when working with gas boilers, since in case of malfunctions there is a very high risk of fire or explosion.