The Trans-Baikal Territory is a region of Eastern Siberia, which is famous not only for its unique natural phenomena, but also for its hospitable population. A huge number of tourists come here annually to see the Charsky Sands with their own eyes and to get better in one of the many resorts. The healing mineral waters of Transbaikalia will help to cope with any disease.
How did the region appear?
The Trans-Baikal Territory can be called a relatively young region. The first people appeared here no more than 35 thousand years ago. The first settlements were discovered near the current capital.
The formation of the Trans-Baikal Territory began with the unification of the Buryat Autonomous Okrug and the Chita Region in 2007. The heads of local self-government addressed an official letter to the President of the Russian Federation. The official date for the creation of the region is March 11, 2007. A referendum took place that day. The people had to express their opinion on the unification of several administrative units in the Trans-Baikal Territory. The capital of the region was chosen a little later.
Today Transbaikalia is a rather large region in which people of various nationalities live. According to the latest census, the total number of Trans-Baikal Territory is 1,087,479 people. The most populated is the central part of the region. But in the northern part of the population is quite weak.
Chita
Several regions are combined in the Trans-Baikal Territory. Their capital is the same. The center of the region was the city of Chita with a population of more than 300 thousand people. The name of the village was due to the river, which flows nearby. Chita today is the real pride of Transbaikalia.
The capital has a sharply continental climate with a characteristic temperature regime. In winter, the average temperature here is about 25 degrees Celsius below zero. Summer is warm and humid. Temperature rarely rises above 20 degrees Celsius. The warmest period in Chita lasts only 77 days.
The capital is in the time zone of Irkutsk time. Relative to Moscow time, the shift is 5 hours.
The government of the Trans-Baikal Territory is located in Chita. And local government is represented by the Duma of the city district, as well as the local city administration. The head of the administration is the mayor, who is elected by the population.
Chita is not just the center of Transbaikalia, but a real cultural capital. There is a huge number of museums and theaters. A visitor will be able to get great pleasure walking along the streets. The ancient architecture of the city is impressive. And in the spring and summer in Chita there are many festivals that attract tourists not only from Russia, but also from other neighboring countries.
Government of the Trans-Baikal Territory
The highest official of the region is the Governor, who is elected for a term of 5 years. Only the Legislative Assembly, consisting of 50 deputies, can appoint a chapter. Elections for members of the representative authority also take place every five years. The executive authority is the Government of the Trans-Baikal Territory, headed by the Governor.
The first Governor of Transbaikalia was elected only on February 5, 2008. They became Ravil Geniatulin. A little later, the elections of deputies to the representative authority took place. Some of the members of the Legislative Assembly were elected from party lists. Some deputies were able to get into the government in single-member districts.
The laws of the Trans-Baikal Territory appear due to the representative authority. If most of the deputies vote for a particular project, it is referred to the governor for signature. The law comes into force only when it is approved by the highest official of the region.
Zabaykalsky Krai
The Trans-Baikal Territory includes 31 districts. These include 10 cities, 41 urban-type settlements, as well as 750 rural settlements. This administrative-territorial division explains the main employment of the population. Most residents of Transbaikalia live in villages. Farmers due to good chernozem and clean air have a good income.
The largest settlement in the region is Chita. The second place is occupied by the city of Krasnokamensk. About 50 thousand people live here. The population in most cities and towns does not exceed 20 thousand people.
Region development
Like all of Russia, the Trans-Baikal Territory has good economic indicators. A huge amount of black soil makes it possible to perfectly develop agriculture. Most of the products consumed by the local population are produced in Transbaikalia.
Due to the significant number of rivers and lakes, the region has enormous hydropower potential. But, unfortunately, very little work has been done in this area today. Great emphasis is placed on other areas of the economy. The excellent development of the Trans-Baikal Territory is due to the large reserves of valuable precious metals, copper, tin, molybdenum, and polymetallic ores. The main base of Russia's nuclear industry is also located in the Trans-Baikal Territory.
The development of the region is also characterized by a good educational base. Zabaikalsk (Zabaykalsky Krai) is famous for its higher education institutions. At the same time, more than 7000 students can study here. This is the pride not only of the region, but of the entire Russian Federation. After all, university graduates receive a really high-quality education due to the good teaching staff. A lot of attention is paid to youth sports development.
Healthcare in the region
Today in Transbaikalia there are more than 120 medical institutions. Patients are assisted by qualified doctors with a higher medical education. In this regard, the Trans-Baikal Territory can be called sufficiently developed. The capital of the region is famous for educational institutions that successfully treat cancer.
In rural areas, people are assisted in feldsher-midwife centers. Here, childbirth is accepted, and appointments are made for the treatment of simple diseases. In difficult cases, the patient is sent to the district center or the capital.
Religion
In terms of religion, the Trans-Baikal Territory can be called quite versatile. Today, there are still traditional beliefs of ancient peoples - shamanism, totemism and fetishism. Some indigenous people practice Islam and Judaism.
With the advent of the Russian-speaking population in the territory of modern Transbaikalia in the XVII century, Orthodoxy came here. The first Resurrection Church was built in 1670. It has survived to this day.
Nature in Transbaikalia
The relief of the region is represented by both mountains and plains. In the northern part of the Trans-Baikal Territory there are many mountains, but in the south the steppe prevails. In the highlands, forests predominate. The Trans-Baikal Territory Department reports that in 2006 the total area of the forest fund was more than 34 thousand ha. This is 67% of the total area of the entire region. Thanks to forests, the air in Transbaikalia is clean and fresh. Many resort areas are located in pine forests.
Transbaikalia is also famous for its water resources. The largest rivers include Shilka, Onon, Khilok, Argun. But the largest groups of lakes include the Torean and Kuando-Charskie.
Good mineral resources contribute to a high level of economy of the Trans-Baikal Territory. Large amounts of silver and copper are concentrated in the region. More than 2% of the total Russian coal reserves are also concentrated in Transbaikalia.
Tourism in the Trans-Baikal Territory
The whole region is divided into several tourist zones. The Southwest is considered the most popular among visitors. The huge attention of tourists is attracted by the Sokhondinsky Reserve. It organizes entire trips with an overnight stay in the open. In the summer, tourists travel by kayaking, and in winter - skiing. The highlands also attract many. But only experienced tourists can afford climbing the hill.
Southeast attracts sports tourists much less. Despite this, there are many natural and cultural attractions. What are the
monuments of the Buryat national culture - the Aginsky datsan, the Tsugolsky datsan. In Alkhanai National Park, every tourist can relax in body and soul. There are many monuments that tell about the history and culture of Transbaikalia.
The Trans-Baikal Territory is famous for its beautiful architecture. The capital shows the contrast of antiquity and modern times. Next to the old buildings are modern buildings and cottages.
The north of Transbaikalia attracts tourists to the highlands. Climbings are organized to the highest point of Transbaikalia - Bam Peak. The ridge is characterized by complex passes and turbulent rivers. Therefore, going here on your own is not recommended.
sights
Natural complexes are very popular in the region . Every year, many tourists come to Sokhondninsky and Daursky reserves. Here there are such attractions as the Charsky Sands tract, the Lamsky town, the Polosatik rock.
Of great interest to tourists are Buddhist centers. Their age exceeds 200 years. It was here that the most ancient architectural monuments of the Buryat people were preserved. It will be interesting for tourists to take a look at the building of the Cathedral Church of Tsokchen-Dugan, as well as numerous incense burners. Vivid impressions remain with tourists after visiting the service in the temple.