This article will focus on the Landolt Rings technique. You will learn about exactly where this technique can be applied, why it is used, and how to work with the data that you received after working with this sample in general. This technique is B. Bourdon's modification work, which is based on a proof-reading of E. Landolt, a French ophthalmologist. After these words, you can pay attention to some inaccuracy in the name. But anyway, the sample is still called the Landolt Ring technique. Now we should proceed to the very description of this technique.
Methodology "Landolt Rings"
This test helps to identify the level of attention of the tested person and improve it. If for the first time you look at the test sheet, on which circles with slots in different places are located in dense rows, you may come to a little bewilderment at the thought that the testee will have to work with this drawing further. Landolt rings belong to one of the types of test tasks. This is a very easy and fairly quick way to check attention. In addition, verification of the results is not very difficult.
Where is the proof test
Sometimes in medicine it is necessary to check the attention of people with any disease or to obtain any medical admission. In this case, the most common verification method is the Landolt test. But most often it is in schools that Landolt rings are used. For younger students, this test is quite simple and straightforward. Like the reading technique, students check the level of attention, and also with the help of the same test improve it. A Landolt test should be done with children older than seven or eight years old. For younger ones, this test may seem too complicated and simply does not give the desired result.
Test progress
A leaflet with Landolt rings is placed in front of the test person. After the purpose of his work is explained to him, it will be necessary to time the start of testing. Sometimes schoolchildren or test students are not limited in time by testing, but most often they do this only during training. The same paragraph will describe the progress of the attention test. Stage of work, the next after training with a breakdown of Landolt.
The purpose of the test is to find a ring, the slot of which is in a certain place, for example, twelve (top) or fifteen (right) hours. In the process of finding the necessary ring, it is important not to help yourself with your fingers or the pen with which the test person will have to mark (best of all, cross out) the rings he has found. Usually given to work fifteen minutes. And every five minutes, the test person must be given a “line” command, after which he will have to put a vertical line in the place where he was at the time of the command. After the time is up, the test result is taken for verification.
If the work is carried out with a child, then it will be best to vary the testing time depending on how much time the student practices in the Landolt test. To begin with, it will be enough to give the entire test only five minutes of time, and give the “dash” command after every minute of working with the rings. After that, all the time spent on the test can increase to ten, and later to fifteen minutes later.
Attention Distribution Rating
When the main goal of testing is to assess the distribution of attention of the child, then children are offered to cross out two types of rings at once. For example, with a slot on the top and right. Moreover, it is necessary to cross out certain types of rings in different ways.
Depending on what the child’s result becomes during the training and how many times he has been looking for a type of ring, you can change the task. For example, you always had to find rings with a slot on the top and right. Next time you will need to find rings with a slot in the bottom and on the right. Otherwise, the testing process remains exactly the same as it was in the previous verification method.
This method will help the child better understand the task assigned to him and make him concentrate more on his attention and actions, depending on the requirements set for him.
Determining the amount of attention
The amount of attention is evaluated on a scale of ten points. The average amount of attention of an adult is estimated by a number from three to seven units. For children, the lower unit, as well as for adults, is three units. The upper limit depends on the age of the child. If the child is four years old or five years old, then the upper limit of the volume of attention should also be located at the level of four to five units, five or six years - five to six units and in the same spirit.
There is a certain scale for converting units of attention into a ten-point system. If the amount of attention is in the range of six units or more, then the testee is assigned ten points. Four and five units correspond to eight and nine points. Two and three units have four and seven points. If the volume of attention is less than two units, then this interval corresponds to a border from zero to three points.
If a child receives about eight to ten points for testing, this means that he is completely ready for school. Indicators from four to seven are considered normal for those children who are just entering school. If a child receives from zero to three points, this means that his attention is not high enough.
The Landolt Rings Method and Results Processing
Processing the test results consists in calculating the number of rings that were crossed out by the test, as well as the number of errors made. It is necessary to calculate the result, both in the total amount for the entire time of testing, and for each individual stage until the moment when the "line" command was given. The indicator of sustainability and productivity of attention can be calculated by a special formula:
S = 0.5 * N - 2.8 * n / 60
The letters in this formula have the following meanings:
- N is the number of rings viewed by the testee in 1 minute;
- n is the number of errors made during the same time.
That’s probably all. Now you know everything about the Landolt Ring technique, in what situations and on whom this test can be used, how to calculate the test results.