Manors of Moscow: Altufevo, estate in the city

Manors of Moscow is a separate page in the history of the capital, illustrating the life of the nobles and preserving important relics and information for future generations. Among them is the Altufevo estate, which over time turned out to be part of a large metropolis and lost in it. It is of great interest to lovers of history and architecture.

Altufevo: Moscow from the depths of centuries

The earliest references to the village of Altufevo are found in the scribe book of the late 16th century. They are associated with the name of the first owner of the estate Neupokoy Dmitrievich Myakishev. He served under the royal throne as a housekeeper in the Bread House. The lands he owned were rich in animals, fish, and forests. Myakishev’s yard was located on the banks of the small Samoteka river, which influenced the development of the landlord economy with the following owners.

Stages of arrangement

The development of the estate can be seen in the table.

But then we will tell you a little more about the owners of the estate and about the changes that have taken place in it.

From hand to hand

The first owners of the estate that arose on the site of the Myakishev yard were the Akinfov brothers. Nothing about these people is known for certain. Perhaps these are the descendants of a native of the old Novgorod boyar family, Fedor, who left with his brother from his father in Tver. Later, Fedor was governor in Moscow. His sons Arkhip and Ivan became the owners of Altufevo.

Arkhip was appointed governor of Krasnoyarsk, and Ivan - Shui. Under Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov, Ivan rose to the rank of steward, and then received the post of ambassador to Warsaw, because Arkhip remained the sovereign owner for the time of his brother’s absence. After his death, Ivan again becomes the owner of the land, since Arkhip did not have heirs. And after Ivan - his son Nikita. He was a duma nobleman, as well as a steward at the royal court.

Nikita Kanbarovich Akinfov inherited the estate from his grandfather Nikita Ivanovich.

Anna Nikitichna Akinfova, in the marriage of Yusupov-Knyazheva, and her husband, Prince Grigory Dmitrievich, condemned the estate from Nikita Kanbarovich. However, he soon managed to sue the estate back. In the case of the Lopukhins under Peter I, N. K. Akinfov fell into disgrace and was exiled to the monastery. The estate returned to the state treasury.

Nikolai Arsentyevich Zherebtsov was a famous writer. He served as an official in the field of communications, by profession he was an engineer.

Ivan Ivanovich Velyaminov - lieutenant, he graduated from the Overland Gentry Cadet Corps. He served as a city governor.

Stepan Georgievich Lianozov was a well-known industrialist and oil tycoon. Having a lot of money, he could afford to actively participate in philanthropic activities. He took time and work in the political field.

Lord's house

The main house of the Altufevo estate in Moscow was rebuilt by Zherebtsov. The owner personally painted the ceiling in the main room. I chose the topic for the plot from Russian history.

The main changes occurred during the ownership of the estate Lianozov. The house was built in the old Russian style. The family coat of arms is fixed on its southern facade. It is hard to say to whom it belongs. The facades of the house are richly decorated with curly platbands. Of the elements of ancient Russian architecture used kokoshniki. The entrance to the house of the Altufevo estate (Moscow) is decorated with an extension resembling a portico facade. Pilasters of the ionic order flank the entrance. The portal is lined with white stone blocks or bricks.

Altufevskaya church

Altufiev’s church is consecrated in the name of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross. It is fenced off from the outside world. Entrance to the church is through the front gate in the form of a triple arch, the central volume of which is higher and wider than the side ones.

On volumes - curly attics, on the central icon is placed. All three volumes are crowned with onion-shaped domes. At the corners of the fence, there are square one-story extensions in plan, covered by a semicircular arch, framed on four sides by triangular gables. Above - a light turret-lamp, crowned with a helmet-shaped dome.

The temple has the form of a "ship": in fact, a chapel, a refectory and a belfry. Its three-tiered form is formed by a drum with large windows and a lantern-tower crowned with an onion dome.

The bell tower consists of three tiers. The bottom is quadrangular, middle and upper are octagonal, decreasing in size. The walls of the second tier are cut by large light windows.

The facades of the church are painted in beige color with burgundy decor. The decor of the church repeats the decor of the front gate: figured attics, lancet arches and window frames, imitation of windows on the facade, rustication of fragments of walls.

Altufevo today

Now Altufevo estate is a district of Moscow. At the moment, the main house of the estate is almost destroyed. Around the park organized, reminiscent of the old Altufevsky park. Now it is a favorite vacation spot for children and adults. The park is called Lionozovsky, because the district is named the same - Lionozovo, by the name of its last owner.

It has playgrounds arranged for vacationers of different ages and with diverse interests: playgrounds, sports and fitness corners, territories for lovers of scooters, bicycles and rollers, etc.

Here in the cafe with the optimistic name "Good mood", located on the banks of the Altufevsky pond. It presents traditional Russian cuisine, as well as dishes of modern European cuisine. And all this wealth is located at the Altufevo metro station in Moscow.