In terms of grammar and semantics, all pronouns differ from each other. And their categories are respectively divided into two large groups: grammatical and semantic. In the latter, several subgroups are distinguished. Semantic categories of pronouns, depending on the semantic load that they carry, are as follows:
1) Personal pronouns. They are also called personal-indicative, since the words he, she, they, and it point to some person.
If you use the pronoun in order to politely address someone, then the generic form of the adjective is used with it.
2) The pronoun itself, reflexive. It has a grammatical peculiarity: the absence of the form of Him. case. It indicates that the object of action and its subject are one and the same person. For example: First of all, rely on yourself.
3) Possessive pronouns. These include: yours, ours, yours, yours, mine, them, hers, him. They are combined in the sentence with words that have a specific meaning and directly name the item, and indicate to which person (first, second or third) this item belongs.
4) Demonstrative pronouns: this, this, so much, there, from there, here, that one, such, here, there, then, from here. The obsolete ones and this are reckoned among them. They indicate the orientation of the subject of speech. For example: What is hi, such is the answer.
5) The pronouns are definitive: himself, everyone, different, whole, very, everyone. They are heterogeneous in their semantics. Therefore, A. M. Peshkovsky proposed dividing them into three subgroups: excretory (the most, the other, the self, the other), the aggregate (the whole) and the generalization (any, each, any).
6) Interrogative pronouns: what, which, what, where, how much, when, why, who, whose, where, where, why. They contain a question about a sign, time, subject, reason, place and quantity that are unknown to the person who speaks.
7) The category of negative pronouns. They are formed by adding to the interrogative negative prefixes neither- and not-. These pronouns indicate the absence of any sign, subject, circumstance. Almost all negative sentences are built using these words.
8) Indefinite pronouns. The speaker uses these words to indicate that circumstances, objects or signs are not familiar to him or appear to be so. They are formed by adding affixes such as: something, something, some, some, some (someone, someone, some, etc.).
9) The categories of relative pronouns. Their composition is identical to interrogative ones. However, the functions of these two categories are contrastingly different. Relative pronouns are used to construct complex sentences. On the one hand, they retain the property of this part of speech to form anaphoric relationships, and on the other, they are already approaching unions.
10) The phraseological phrase “with each other” also enters into the semantic categories of pronouns, since it is formed from the pronoun of another by combining its short forms. It has the meaning of "mutually."
Pronouns are heterogeneous in their grammatical structure. They can show signs of the rest of the speech. Based on this similarity, the following categories of pronouns are distinguished:
1) Pronouns are nouns. Their role is played by personal and indicative. In the proposal, they occupy substantive positions.
2) Pronouns are adjectives. These are those who are able to take the position of an agreed definition.
3) The pronouns are numerals. These are the words “how much” and “so much”, as well as all formed from them. In position with nouns they become a pronoun. In the position with the verb, they are an adverb and, accordingly, lose the category of case.
4) Pronouns-adverbs are all immutable pronouns. They fulfill the role of circumstances in the sentence. This also includes those words that are formed from pronouns, but according to the model of word formation of adverbs: in my opinion, in our opinion, in your opinion, in your opinion.