Lathes 1K62 are reliable and productive devices intended mainly for use in individual and small-scale production. They can be used for processing parts from various structural materials: non-ferrous and ferrous metals, cast iron, etc. It is possible to make threading of any kind on these machines, as well as Archimedean spirals.
Equipment History
Modern 1K62 lathes are an improved modification of one of the oldest and highest-quality models of the Soviet era 1D62 DIP200 series. This equipment was produced at the Krasny Proletary factory from 1949 to 1956. The abbreviation DIP means “catch up and overtake,” and the numbers after it mean the height of the centers above the bed. The machines of this series were universal and had a gearbox.
The new 1K62 model began to be produced in 1956. From 1D62 it is distinguished primarily by such improvements and modifications:
- more powerful engine;
- V-belt transmission (instead of belt);
- three spindle cranks;
- reinforced friction clutch;
- reverse mechanism used when threading;
- electric pump for supplying coolant, etc.
Currently, both 1K62 machines and their even more advanced version, the 1K625 model, are used in production.
Equipment advantages
Lathes 1K62 belong to the class of frontal type apparatuses and can be used for processing low workpieces of very large diameters. The spindle of the model is mounted on special bearings, ensuring its rigidity. Therefore, on machines 1K62 it is allowed to process parts of hardened metal, including. The main advantages of this model include:
- high power of the main drive;
- strength of all elements of kinematic feed chains;
- vibration resistance;
- wide range of speeds;
- the ability to use tools such as ceramic and carbide cutters for a lathe.
The rear beam of machines 1K62 is shifted in the transverse direction. This makes it possible to process flat cones. The movement of the carriage in the longitudinal direction, if necessary, is limited by a special emphasis. When using it, the maximum speed of the caliper is 250 mm / min.
Design features
Repair and operation of machines of this modification should be carried out exclusively by highly qualified specialists. The design of this equipment is quite complex.
The box frame of the 1K62 machine is supplemented with transverse ribs. She relies on two hollow legs. The main stroke electric motor is mounted on the left, and a pump pumping coolant to the workpiece processing place is mounted on the right. Rotational movement to the spindle is transmitted through the chain "friction shaft / multi-plate clutch / gear mechanism".
The apron of the machine is equipped with four cam-type couplings, allowing both forward and reverse carriage travel. The simultaneous inclusion of transverse and longitudinal gears is excluded due to the presence of a special locking device.
The 1K62 metal lathe is equipped with three-jaw self-centering chucks with a diameter of 250 mm. If necessary, they can be replaced with a four-jaw 400 mm version. The parts are secured in the cartridge by means of a key without using levers.
Work on machines of this modification, among other things, can be carried out using lunettes - movable with an installation diameter of 20-80 mm and stationary at 20-130 mm.
Wiring diagram
The device of the 1K62 lathe is quite complex. There are many nodes and mechanisms in this equipment. Their work is provided by engines operating from a 220 V network.
As a main drive, 1K62 machines use asynchronous short-circuited. The spindle speed is adjusted by the gearbox gear. The second motor, also asynchronous, is responsible for the movement of the caliper. To ensure the long service life of 1K62 machines, a thermal relay is provided in their design. It turns off the equipment in case of overheating.
In addition to the spindle and caliper motors, machines of this modification have hydrant and cooling pump motors. The control circuit power is supplied through an isolation transformer. The main engine is started by pressing a special button. At the same time, the pump and hydrant motors are switched on.
The caliper is moved quickly by turning the corresponding handle on the apron of the machine. When the operator performs this action, the contact of the switch included in the design closes the circuit of the coil that transmits voltage to the motor. The machine spindle is turned on by turning the control handle upward by the friction clutch .
1K62 machines are equipped with local lighting with 36 V. lamps. The latter are powered from a separate transformer winding.
Typical malfunctions
Most often, 1K62 lathes have to be repaired for the following reasons:
- The inability to switch gears. In some cases, turning the motor off and switching it to “coast” helps to fix this problem.
- Arbitrary stop of the working tool. This usually happens simply because of a thermal relay. In this case, it is recommended to reduce the processing speed of the workpieces.
- Shutdown of the cooling pump. You can correct the situation by adding water to the tank.
- Vibration of the machine. The cause of this problem is usually an incorrect installation.
- Low precision machining parts. To remedy the situation, you should try to adjust the rear beam, tighten the part or tighten the chuck fixing belts.
Specifications
The device of the 1K62 lathe allows you to perform various types of work on it on workpieces made of various metals. The versatility and high performance of this equipment is determined by its excellent operational characteristics, which can be found in the table below.
Characteristic | Value |
Workpiece height above the bed | 400 mm maximum |
Maximum workpiece length | 1000 mm |
Diameter of workpiece over caliper | 220 mm |
Machine weight | 2140 kg |
Dimensions | 2812 x 1166 x 1324 |
Main engine power | 10 kW |
Caliper Drive Motor Power | 0.75 or 1.1 kW |
Cooling pump | 0.12 kW |
Thread Pitch Limits | 0.5-192 mm |
Number of threads | 45 |
Number of caliper longitudinal gears | 0.7-4.16 mm / rev |
Transverse | 0.035-2.8 mm / rev |
Maximum torque | 2 kNm |
Maximum weight of the workpiece | In the cartridge - 300 kg, in the centers - 1300 kg |
As you can see, the 1K62 lathe, whose characteristics are just wonderful, can be successfully used in the shops of enterprises and is of high quality and reliability. The installation of such equipment allows you to produce parts with high speed, avoid downtime and ultimately significantly increase the profitability of production.
Power-on Safety Instructions
Of course, turning machines of this brand, as well as metal-cutting machines, milling machines and others - the equipment in operation is quite dangerous. In their design there are moving and rotating with high speed elements. In the latter, the worker's clothes, his hair, etc., may get stuck (or wound around them). The consequences, if parts of the body get into moving and rotating parts, can be truly catastrophic.
Therefore, the repair and operation of lathes of this modification, like any other, are procedures that require compliance with certain safety standards. Before starting work, the turner must:
- put on overalls, glasses, fasten sleeves and inspect the workplace;
- check the working condition of the protective casing of the cartridge;
- adjust lighting;
- check at idle the serviceability of the controls, lubrication and cooling systems, fixing the control levers;
- check the health of the protection nodes.
Operational Features
During work on the machine it is forbidden:
- to lean on a bed;
- allow the winding of chips on the part;
- allow cleaning in the room;
- to process parts in case of vibration.
The 1K62 machine should be turned off during a temporary cessation of operation, in the event of a power outage, during lubrication and cleaning of its components. It is also necessary to pull the plug out of the network or turn the handles to the “off” position when performing an operation such as repairing a 1K62 lathe: replacing components and parts, tightening nuts, etc.
Installation Rules
In order for this equipment to function as efficiently as possible, it must be properly installed. When installing, first of all, it is necessary to provide a grounding system. The wires to the control cabinet are routed from below through a special hole. A separate ground is arranged for the hydrant.
The equipment itself should be installed as evenly as possible. In order to achieve this, a level should be used. In case of distortions, the bed will begin to vibrate. Additionally, metal-cutting machines, milling machines, etc. are usually installed with equipment of this type. In this case, it all depends on the characteristics of the production.
1K62 machines - reliable and high-quality equipment, very convenient to use. Provided that the installation is correct and the operating recommendations are followed, it pays off pretty quickly. Moreover, the price for it is relatively low - 150-200 thousand rubles.