The Russian language is an extremely complex phenomenon, but extremely interesting. Lomonosov, Pushkin, Gogol, Turgenev, Tolstoy, Kuprin spoke of his almost limitless possibilities of expressing all spheres of our life. And linguists of our time, domestic and foreign, also pointed to extraordinary syntactic flexibility, phonetic sonority and lexical richness of Russian speech.
What are the narrative sentences
We prove this statement based on the example of narrative sentences. Recall the theory first. Narratives include such statements that report on real-life events, phenomena or facts of reality. They can be affirmed or denied, that is, contain a positive or negative modality. Here is a clear example of a narrative sentence: “The rustle of car tires was heard in the alley. Turning around, the car stopped at the entrance. " The modality of the statements is positive, they contain a statement that the events really happened, that they are real. The intonation with which the sentences are pronounced is calm, the so-called narrative. At the end, a punctuation mark, a period, characteristic of this type of utterance, is put.
Speaking Objectives and Type of Sentences
In linguistics there is such a thing as the purpose of the utterance. It explains why this or that phrase was pronounced, and also regulates with what intonation, at what pace, with raising or lowering the voice it is necessary to pronounce it. Let's look at an example of narrative sentences. Take this: "Today it is very hot outside, so until the evening it is better not to go out in the sun, and you can go for a walk even after sunset." What goals of the statement can we single out? There are several of them. The first is a report of uncomfortable weather. The second is advice not to go out in the midst of the heat. The third is to wait until the sun sets, it will freshen up on the street, and only then go for a walk. By the way, this example of narrative sentences shows how one syntax can contain three syntactic units.
Proposal structure
If we analyze our speech - oral and written - with a view to what kind of statements in it are more common, then we can make an interesting observation. The most common are narrative sentences. Interrogative, incentive are used approximately the same - with a slight advantage in the direction of the second. The structure of narrative sentences can be different: simple, complex, multi-stage. For example: "The music poured louder and louder in the wide open windows from the street." This statement has one grammatical basis, it is simple, complicated by homogeneous circumstances and the sacrament involved in the defined word. Here is another example: “Birds talked incessantly about something of their own, bees buzzed over a cup of flowers, a caterpillar lurked languidly under a leaf, and a ladybug scurried up and down a bright green blade of grass.” Here the structure is already different. The proposal is complex, consists of 4 simple ones. Each has a complete grammatical basis - there is both subject and predicate. Between parts of simple sentences as part of a complex, there is an allied and non-union connection.
A few words about intonation
We will analyze the peculiarity of the intonation pattern using the example of how narrative and incentive sentences differ . If you need to express a request, proposal or order, call someone, then by voice, raising the tone, you will highlight the main keywords. Vocal intonations on the letter are replaced by exclamation marks. Narrative statements are characterized by semantic completeness and a calm, reduced tone of the end of the sentence with a slight increase in it at the very beginning or on the word that should be logically highlighted. Intonation is much more restrained than that of exclamations.
To the question of the proposal scheme
What is a proposal outline? This is an analysis and a graphic description of its structure with all the specific features. First of all, you should find the subject and predicate that form the grammatical basis. If the proposal is complex, there may be several.
The main members of each type can also be present, and two, and three, if they are homogeneous. Next, you should determine the composition of the subject and predicate in each individual case. What does it mean? Just find out which words (sentence members) grammatically or in meaning depend on each element of the grammatical basis. Particular attention should be paid to participles / participles,
plug-ins, unions and union words - if any. Now, with a simple pencil and ruler, draw a diagram, indicating the members of the sentence. Recall that the subject is emphasized by one line, the predicate by two, the complement by the dotted line, the definition by the wavy line, and the circumstance by the dotted line. Unions are taken in circles, prepositions are in small squares. If the
sentence is complex, compound, then each part is enclosed in parentheses. If it is complex, then the main part is highlighted in square brackets, and the subordinate part - in round.