An important condition for the life of all organisms is the information process, which consists in obtaining and transforming information. Even unicellular organisms perceive information and constantly use it. This is information about the temperature and composition of the medium to select the most favorable conditions of existence. Living creatures can not only interact with the environment, but also exchange information with each other.
The information process for a person is also accompanied by the perception of information by the senses, and the language is used to exchange information. Human society has existed for a very long time, therefore, many such languages for communication have arisen. First of all, it is the native language and the common languages of the peoples of the world. For mankind, the role of language is extremely large. In its absence, without the exchange of information, the progression of society would be impossible.
The information process is not only characteristic of man, society and wildlife. Mankind has invented technical devices - machines, which also involved the process of obtaining information, its transmission and further storage. The thermostat, for example, is an automatic device that records information about the temperature in the room and turns on or off the heating, depending on the temperature set by the operator. An information process is an action performed with information, including the moment it is received. It will include several stages.
Key Information Processes
There are such types of processes for working with information:
- storage;
- broadcast;
- transformation and processing of information.
Thanks to the sensory organs, people can perceive information, comprehend it and, using their experience, available knowledge, intuition, make certain decisions, which are subsequently embodied in real actions that transform the world around us.
Since a person is a social being, to communicate with his own kind, he must exchange with them the necessary information. In everyday life, “information” is understood as various information, awareness of the state of daily affairs.
The information process takes place both in human society and in nature. For example, its consequence is autumn falling of leaves and temporary falling asleep of all vegetation during cold weather. In the spring, everything comes to life anew. This is all a consequence of information processes.
The structure and development of organisms depends on the genetic information, since it is inherited, and its carrier is the structure of DNA molecules.
In the science of control - cybernetics, the information process describes the process of controlling complex dynamic systems (living organisms or technical devices). The life management processes of any organism or the normal functioning of a technical device support its parameters in the required range of values.
The management process includes certain stages: receiving and storing information, as well as its transformation and transmission.
Any control process is based on the interaction between the manager and the managed objects that are connected by communication channels - direct and reverse. The direct communication channel transmits control signals, and the feedback channel returns information about the managed object.
It is possible to analyze the work of a person as a control object by the example of his treatment of a computer as a controlled object. Using the senses, a person receives information about the functioning of a computer through feedback channels using data output devices (monitors, speakers). This information allows a person to make decisions about control actions transmitted to a computer via direct communication channels using information input devices (mouse or keyboard).
The information approach to all processes is implemented by a comprehensive science of information processes - computer science.