Conversational style is a style of speech that serves for direct communication between people. Its main function is communicative (exchange of information). The conversational style is presented not only in oral speech, but also in writing - in the form of letters, notes. But mainly this style is used in oral speech - dialogs, polylogues.
It is characterized by ease, unpreparedness of speech (lack of thinking over sentences before uttering and preliminary selection of the necessary language material), informality, direct communication, mandatory transfer of the author’s attitude to the interlocutor or subject of speech, saving speech efforts ("Mash", "Sash", "San Sanych "and others). The context of a certain situation and the use of non-verbal means (interlocutor's reaction, gestures, facial expressions) play a large role in the conversational style.
The lexical characteristic of colloquial style
The linguistic differences in
colloquial speech include the use of non-lexical means (stress, intonation, pace of speech, rhythm, pauses, etc.). The linguistic features of the conversational style also include the frequent use of colloquial, vernacular and slang words (for example, "start" (start), "now" (now), etc.), words in a figurative meaning (for example, "window" - meaning "break"). The conversational
style of the text is distinguished by the fact that in it very often the words not only name objects, their signs, actions, but also give them an assessment: “dodger”, “well done”, “careless”, “clever”, “sip”, “amused "
The conversational style is also characterized by the use of words with magnifying or diminutive suffixes (“spoon”, “booklet”, “bread”, “seagull”, “pretty”, “tremendous”, “red”), phraseological turns (“a little light came up” "," rushed at all costs "). Often particles, introductory words, interjections, and appeals are included in the speech ("Masha, go get some bread!", "Ah, my God, whoever came to us!").
Spoken Style: Syntax Features
The syntax of this style is characterized by the use of simple sentences (most often complex and non-union), incomplete sentences (in dialogue), widespread use of exclamatory and interrogative sentences, lack of participle and participial sentences, use of sentence words (negative, affirmative, incentive, etc. .). This style is characterized by interruptions in speech, which can be caused by various reasons (the excitement of the speaker, the search for the right word, an unexpected leap from one thought to another).
The use of additional constructions that break the main sentence and introduce certain information, refinements, remarks, corrections, explanations into it also characterizes the conversational style.
In colloquial speech, complex sentences can be found in which the parts are interconnected by lexical and syntactic units: the first part contains evaluative words ("clever", "well done", "fool", etc.), and the second part justifies this rating, for example: "Well done, that helped!" or "Fool Bear that obeyed you!"