Motives, classification of motives belong to the category of basic human needs. Human life is closely connected with the need for various actions and is subject to the satisfaction of basic things. The first to talk about needs was W. MacDougall. He singled out among the basic needs of the individual biological, social and spiritual. Another scientist who is interested in the theory of human needs is Abraham Maslow.
He developed a semantic pyramid representing the natural needs of the individual. The classification of motives of activity implies an integral structure. All components in it are closely interconnected.
Motives: concept, classification
Before speaking about human needs, the following definition must be given. Motive is what any action is for. It is known that each action has its own internal reason, which is not always understood by others. In each case, there is an incentive to change, to somehow transform your inner world and surrounding reality. This is what motives are. The classification of motives is presented below. For convenience, we will call them needs.
Physiological needs
They are familiar to each of us. The needs of a physical property include food, sleep, and the instinct of reproduction. They arise in addition to our desires and beliefs. In other words, these are the needs of the physical body, which no man can ignore. If a person is deprived of sleep or food, then he will soon die. The most important feature of physical nature is that it guides the entire process of life. As long as basic needs remain unmet, there can be no question of thinking about higher aspirations.
Personal development is possible only when a person has a roof over his head, healthy nutrition and good sleep. Otherwise, you just have to survive. Against the background of any troubles, one does not want to read books, take active steps to achieve the desired.
Security need
Motives, the classification of motives are formed in accordance with whether a person is experiencing any needs. Living in complete comfort assumes that the need for security is fully satisfied. What does it include? The need for security is, first of all, confidence in the future, in the absence of various unpleasant surprises. If a person does not have his own apartment or even just a separate corner, it is difficult to consider it safe. Such a person will not be able to satisfy the needs of a higher level, she simply does not have motivation for action.
Need for love and respect
We all want to feel that we are not indifferent to our loved ones. The need for love is one of the strongest, which can lead a person into a state of prolonged frustration or make him happy. Often the cause of inadequate behavior of the person are such unmet needs. Motives, their classification shows how important it is for a person to feel necessary, in demand, accepted by family people.
There is no sadder situation when an adult, successful person cannot build harmonious, trusting relationships. If the need for love and respect is not satisfied for a certain time, a person ceases to believe in the possibility of finding happiness in the future.
Social contacts
This includes the need to evaluate society. Man is so arranged that he cannot live alone. Social contacts are necessary in order to maintain an optimistic mood, to have a fresh outlook on life. Society helps us understand that we are moving in the right direction, and teaches us to feel gratitude and satisfaction.
A person deprived of social interaction becomes apathetic, prone to melancholy and overly susceptible to insults. The motives for such a person’s actions are understandable, but actions can significantly harm him.
The need for self-actualization
This is the highest stage of personality development. The need for self-actualization usually appears in adolescence, in the case when the previous steps are passed. Motivation for personal growth is enhanced if the basic needs of a physical property are satisfied, as well as the need for recognition and respect from the people around. After that, a person begins to strive for more, namely, he is now inspired by personal development, the ability to fully manifest his talents and abilities.
Thus, motives, classification of motives is a topic that deserves a separate book. A person’s life is controlled by his needs, and a concrete chain of actions is built from them.