Storm sewage is a system that is designed to drain meltwater and precipitation from the surface. Any type of storm can clog for one reason or another. At the same time, dams and puddles will constantly form on the surface. They interfere with the free movement of the territory and adversely affect the state of the foundation of buildings. That is why it is important to carry out regular cleaning of storm sewers.
Types of Storm
There are two varieties of rainfall:
Linear sewage is a channel network system through which rainfall arrives for transportation outside the territory. This design allows you to eliminate runoff from residential areas, and from sites with asphalt and concrete pavement. Installation of the linear system is carried out with a bias towards the centralized sewage system. It includes a filtering device that protects channels from household waste. Cleaning of storm sewers is carried out by specialists who have professional equipment.
The second type of system includes several special devices, collections of precipitation, which come from the roofs. Rain collectors are connected by a central sewage system that removes moisture through the gutter. To ensure durability and safety of the structure, protective grilles are installed on top of the storm water inlets, as well as filters that prevent debris and sand from entering. The cleaning of storm sewers of a linear type must be carried out by specialists with experience and the availability of appropriate equipment.
Causes of clogging
All sorts of small debris constantly penetrates into any system. There are other causes of blockages:
- Construction works. If the facade was updated or the roof was blocked, then it is necessary to clean the storm sewer. It is checked whether plaster fragments, polystyrene and other materials are brought into pipes and gutters that turn into a cork when it rains.
- Heavy rainfall. After heavy rain it happens that the system is flooded with dirt or fine sand. It is difficult to prevent such a phenomenon, so there is only one way out - to carry out cleaning.
- Illiterate installation. When the angle of inclination is incorrect or absent at all in the pipeline, water stagnates and garbage accumulates faster. You can verify compliance with the building level.
- Curvilinear pipe laying. If the system is equipped with a large number of sharp turns, there will certainly be blockages. That is why, when designing a project, it is necessary to minimize bends.
- House clearance. In closed systems, when stormwater is connected to a pipeline that removes household waste, often the problem is solved by cleaning the house chimney.
Cleaning Methods
Many organizations need to clear storms. For example, a tender is being held for cleaning storm sewers at a thermal power plant. Specialists first study the condition of the pipes, and then choose the type of cleaning, calculating its effectiveness.
The following methods may be used:
- Hydrodynamic - traffic jams break through and debris is eliminated.
- Mechanical - blockages are eliminated by powerful water pressure.
- Chemical - reagents are used that have an effect on pollution, and are carefully related to pipes.
- Thermal - the system is cleaned with hot water or steam.
In order to establish the throughput of pipes, the hydrodynamic method is often used, coupled with the mechanical method. Thermal type suitable for storm sewer on the roof.
Hydrodynamic method
Hydrodynamic cleaning of storm sewers is a treatment of the internal cavity of pipes with a high-pressure water jet, as a rule, it is 100-200 atmospheres. Due to the strong pressure, the surface is skinned. The pipe is completely free from precipitation and begins to self-clean. After washing, plaque does not form quickly.
The principle of operation of a hydrodynamic machine is as follows:
- The working body with the nozzle is located at the beginning of the site.
- The compressor is turned on and a powerful jet flows through the hose from it, pushing the hose and nozzle through the pipe.
- The sediment breaks.
When flushing, the specialist monitors the position of the hose and, if necessary, regulates the pressure. Nozzles have nozzles of reverse and direct action. The first type is located behind the device and from it the jet moves back diagonally. The second type delivers water forward.
Hydrodynamic cleaning of storm sewers implies that forward jets destroy most of the sediment, while others complete the cleaning of the pipe walls.
Mechanical way
This type of storm sewage treatment is usually used to clean individual systems. The essence of the method is that the accumulated pollution is removed manually in such network sections as:
- drainage channels;
- gutters that are fixed around the perimeter of the building;
- purification systems for collected fluid;
- rain receivers into which water flows from gutters.
In order to clean the storm sewer system, it is allowed to use all kinds of improvised means, for example, a broom, a mop or a special device with different tips. Collected contaminants are disposed of.
Thermal method
Cleaning the drains of storm sewer pipes in Kursk or any other city by the thermal method is different in that the liquid enters the sewer system not only under pressure, but also with a high temperature - about 120-140 ° .
The advantage of this method is that it is possible to clean the system, both from dirt and debris, and from fat deposits that have accumulated on drainage trays and pipes. It is necessary to work with thermal equipment that delivers high-temperature water under pressure, in compliance with all operating rules prescribed in the instructions.
Chemical way
Chemical cleaning of storm sewers in Volgograd or another locality involves the use of chemicals and reagents to clean up blockages. It is recommended in cases where other methods are not available or do not bring a positive result. Many drugs are toxic, so their use requires strict observance of the elementary rules of human protection.
The cleaning of storm sewers using reagents is carried out using specialized equipment that feeds the composition into the sewer network. Then they begin to interact with sediments, break them down and transfer them to a liquid state. Dry cleaning products are developed in special laboratories. This method is often used to clean storm systems in enterprises.
Effects of pollution
Cleaning the storm sewer in Ryazan and other cities is required. The drains must be protected from large debris by special grates. However, due to the gap, a lot of garbage gets into the system. If the drainage systems become clogged, then the precipitation will not leave the street and form local floods. Moisture causes inconvenience and severely damages the foundation of structures. For this reason, it is necessary to constantly inspect storm sewers and drains, and timely clean them.
The choice of a method of cleaning sewer systems is based on the location of the stormwater. For household networks, it is better to use the hydrodynamic and mechanical method, and for industrial areas, the thermal and chemical method is recommended. It is always important to remember the frequency of pipe cleaning, because the formation of blockages leads to offensive odors and flooding the site. Only a responsible approach avoids unpleasant consequences. At the same time, it is important that the work is carried out by specialized specialists who know their job and have the necessary equipment and facilities.