In most cases, domestic farmers fatten, of course, pigs. However, breeding bulls for meat can be quite a profitable business. The organization of such a farm, of course, requires the most careful planning. A novice entrepreneur will need to calculate all future expenses and determine the possible profit. What features has such a procedure as fattening gobies for meat? How to organize this specialization business?
Business features
When keeping pigs, farmers earn income quickly enough. After all, these animals are characterized by early maturity and grow in 4-9 months already quite large. With bulls, things are a little different. Cattle must be fed up to the time of slaughter for at least 18 months. With proper feeding and care at this point, the calves gain weight in about 500-600 kg.
First of all, an entrepreneur who has decided to breed cattle for fattening should determine the breed of animals. Of course, for the farm in this case, it will be necessary to purchase not dairy, but meat young animals.
Beef today is more expensive than pork. However, in order for the meat to be of high quality and people willingly buy it, and the gobies themselves gain weight faster, the correct diet will need to be developed for the animals. In addition, for the cattle will have to build a spacious barn that meets all the requirements. Of course, the farm owner will also need to find markets for his products.
The best breeds of meat gobies
Traditionally, in our country, farmers keep dairy cattle. Calves meat direction of productivity, most likely, will be difficult to find. Perhaps cattle will even have to be transported from afar. Thus, at the initial stage, most likely, transportation costs will also be included in the business plan for fattening gobies for meat.
Hereford is the most popular breed of meat gobies in our country. The pluses of these animals are primarily endurance and fairly quick weight gain. The body weight of adult bulls of Herefords can reach 1200 kg. With proper feeding, the weight of such calves increases by about 1.5 kg per day. The cost of bulls of Hereford breed in our country is about 70-100 thousand rubles.
Also quite popular beef cattle in Russia are:
Scottish bulls;
Charolais
Aderdeen-Anrus.
In addition, cattle of meat direction of the Kalmyk breed are bred in Russia. Such bulls by farmers are primarily valued for their unpretentiousness. It is believed that for beginners who decide to organize a cattle fattening farm, this particular breed of cows is best suited.
A very popular beef cattle in the former CIS is also a Kazakh white-headed breed. The weight of such calves can reach tons.
The costs of buying young animals, of course, in any case also have to be included in the business plan for fattening gobies for meat. In Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Belarus and other countries of the former CIS, meat calves are approximately the same. In any case, of course, young stock should be bought for the farm in a proven pedigree farm.
Fattening gobies for meat as a business: diet
There are four periods of fattening beef cattle according to technology:
milk - 1-2 months;
main - 140 days;
growing;
final - up to 100 days.
The diet for each of these periods is developed separately. The fattening of the gobies as a business reviews from the farmers has earned good. However, experienced owners of such farms are advised to use only the highest quality feed for raising such cattle, as already mentioned. Otherwise, animals will not develop well and it will be impossible to get a large income from them.
Milk stage
During this period, the preparation of the diet for calves should be approached as responsibly as possible. The cattle’s body is designed in such a way that the faster the calf gains weight in the first months of life, the better it develops in the future.
In most cases, young cattle of meat breed are left with the uterus for a long time. Sometimes calves may not be weaned from a cow until half a year. But more often all the same, farmers keep young animals with uterus 1-3 months. Newly acquired calves are milked manually during the same time.
Whole milk is today, of course, quite expensive - about 40-60 p. per liter. Therefore, sometimes instead of it, farmers use the replacement of milk replacer when growing calves. Such a product is delivered to the market today complete with detailed instructions for fattening, which must be followed.
Calculation of costs for the dairy period
Growing bulls for fattening is a profitable business. However, the farm owner first, of course, will need to make a calculation of the funds that will have to be spent on the purchase of feed. Knowing the cost of whole milk in the region, it will be easy to determine the costs of the first stage for the maintenance of bulls. In order for the animals to grow quickly and develop correctly, they need to drink at least 200 kg of whole milk and 600 kg of fat-free milk in the first 6 months.
Main stage
During this period, farmers can use three main schemes for feeding gobies:
On the senile type, animals usually receive per day:
hay - 2 kg;
silage - 10 kg;
concentrates - 3 kg;
salt - 30 g;
phosphate - 40 g.
The intensity of weight gain by bulls when using such a scheme is approximately 800 g per day.
When applying the second feeding scheme, farmers usually offer bull-calves:
hay - 2 kg per day;
silage - 10 kg;
silage - 4 kg;
concentrates - 3 kg;
salt - 30 g;
phosphate - 40 g.
With this type of feeding, the daily gain of animals is usually 1.5 kg.
The third scheme involves the use for cattle:
hay - 5 kg per day;
silage - 8 kg per day;
vegetables - 5 kg;
concentrates - 3 kg;
salt - 30 g;
phosphate - 40 g.
The cost of feed of the main period
Hay in our country, depending on the region, may cost 4-5 thousand rubles. per ton. The price of corn silage in Russia is approximately 1000-1500 per ton. The main cost item in the business plan for fattening gobies for meat will, of course, be the cost of concentrates. Compound feed for cattle costs in our country about 12-15 rubles. per kilogram.
The price of haylage in Russia is about 2000 rubles. per ton. Fodder vegetables will cost the owner of the farm in the region of 1.5-6 rubles. per kilogram. Thus, knowing the approximate prices for different types of feed for cattle, you can calculate the final cost of fattening.
Growing stage
During this period, the diet of gobies remains almost the same as in the main one. The feeding scheme at this time, farm owners in any case use the same as before. The difference in this case is only in the amount of food offered to the animal. On cattle hay fattening during this period give:
hay - 2 kg;
silage - 10 kg;
concentrates - 2 kg;
phosphates - 50 g;
salt - 40 g.
On the silage and silo:
On haylage, silage and vegetables:
Depending on the breed chosen, the weight of the gobies at this time can reach 300-500 kg.
Intensive stage
This fattening period in most cases lasts 3 months on the farm. At this time, farm owners usually choose the dominant product for cattle. This can be haylage, bard, silage, hay, beets or beet pulp. The easiest option for intensive fattening is considered to be the use of hay or haylage. On the basis of bards, the ration of animals in this period is usually made up only by farmers of the southern regions of the country, whose cowsheds are located next to farms engaged in growing grapes.
In the middle lane, farmers often feed beetroot gobies. This scheme is used by farms located near vegetable-growing agricultural enterprises. Pulp as a basis for the diet of cattle is perfect if the farm is located nearby, for example, from a sugar producing plant.
When fattening in the hay, calves are usually given:
hay - 10 kg per day;
concentrates - 4 kg;
salt - 30 g;
chalk - 20 g.
On the pulp:
On the bard:
Judging by the reviews, the business of growing bulls gives the greatest income when using bards as the basis of the diet. Indeed, in this case, the farm owner has to purchase the least expensive concentrates.
Fat Gobies as a Business: Features of the Summer Diet
Like dairy cattle, in the summer months, meat gobies are usually driven out to pasture. In the warm season, such animals graze in the meadow in most cases at least 12 hours a day. Most often, farmers involved in the breeding of beef cattle in the summer equip temporary pens on pastures. For animals, erected canopies in the meadow, next to which is a source of clean water.
Adult gobies who have reached puberty are usually tied to a pasture. In this case, instead of chasing females, animals focus on eating food.
Barn requirements
In the business plan for growing bulls, of course, among other things, you will have to include the costs of building premises for animals. The main sheds for beef cattle should, of course, be capital buildings. Such farms can be built from a variety of materials. To save money, budding entrepreneurs usually have shield cows at the first stage. Also quite inexpensive are boxes of such buildings when using foam concrete. In wooded regions, a beam can be used to build a barn.
In the courtyard of the farm, next to the main buildings, you will also need:
erect a separate building for the preparation of feed;
build a warehouse for storing feed;
build a barn for storing inventory.
In the barn itself, it will be necessary to provide:
stalls located opposite each other;
feeders and drinking bowls;
compartments for breeding bull-calves.
In order for the bulls to grow and develop well in the future, the barn for them needs to be spacious and bright. It is believed that one animal in the barn should have at least 3.75 m2 of area (stall 1.5x2.5 m). Very often, for example, farm owners feed 15 heads of bulls. As a business, raising animals in this case can be beneficial. In this case, a farm of 100-200 m 2 , taking into account utility rooms, is usually equipped with such a number of bulls.
The floor in the barn must be made rigid. If desired, it can be planked or poured with concrete. On small farms, novice entrepreneurs often arrange clay floors.
Engineering systems
Growing bulls at home as a business requires, among other things, and quite serious expenses for equipping the barn. To build a shed for meat gobies should, of course, in the place where there is access to clean water. It can be a pond or a lake. Also, a farm, of course, can also be built where underground waters do not lie too deep. In this case, in the yard of the barn, among other things, you will have to drill a well.
On small farms, water is usually delivered to animals manually. The same goes for cleaning manure. On larger farms, owners usually equip a plumbing system and an automated waste disposal system.
In this case, water pipes extend along the barn. Sewer elements on farms are usually lattice hinged floors and manure containers. Disposal of waste from the barn is carried out in receiver pits.
Staff
The costs of arranging engineering systems for the farmer will depend, of course, on the size of the barn itself, as well as the number of animals contained in it. In any case, the costs at the first stage for such communications are likely to be quite high. For example, only a meter of well drilling will cost the farm owner no less than 1,000 rubles.
Growing bulls as a business is, among other things, quite time-consuming. Of course, in the plan for organizing a farm specializing in raising bulls, you will have to include staff costs. In order to provide animals with good care, the farm owner will have to hire at least one assistant for 10-15 heads. The owners of such a business usually hire people from villages located near the farm. Of course, an assistant will have to pay at least 10-15 thousand rubles. per month.
Profitability calculation
Fattening gobies for meat as a business can give the owner of the farm a good profit. Entrepreneurs specializing in fattening gobies receive the main income, of course, from the sale of meat. Also, such farms can sell animal skins and manure. Farms specializing in cattle fattening also receive some income from the sale of milk. Representatives of the breeds of meat cows sometimes give quite a lot of such a product. Basically, milk on such farms goes, of course, to feed young animals. However, sometimes the owners of such farms get the opportunity to sell the surplus of such a product.
The cost of growing a bull from farm owners is usually about 40-50 thousand rubles. About 300 kg of meat can be obtained from one animal. When the cost of such a product is 300 rubles. per kg, the owner of the farm will make 90-100 thousand rubles. from the animal. From the remaining 50 thousand, it will be necessary to deduct the salary of personnel, the costs of maintaining the farm premises and communications.
Product sales
As a business, fattening gobies for meat can be quite profitable. But only if the owner of the enterprise is able to profitably sell finished products. Bulls are slaughtered in meat farms, as already mentioned, when their live weight reaches 450-700 kg. The yield of meat in cattle is usually about 55-56%, fat - 3.5-5.5%. To sell the main product produced on the farm, the farmer will most likely have to open their own stores. In this case, the income can be obtained as quickly as possible. The cost of renting premises in cities today can be about 1,500 rubles per month per 1 m 2 .
Fattening gobies for meat according to a business plan in Kazakhstan, Russia, Ukraine using the right technology allows you to get very tasty marbled meat. Such a product is very popular among customers. And so, most likely, it will not be difficult to sell it.
Also, meat, of course, can be handed over to the nearest meat processing plant. When using this method of implementation, you can save yourself from the cost of organizing outlets, as well as arranging a room for slaughter on a farm. That is, growing bulls as a business in this case will bring the farm owner even more income.
Skins of cows owners of farms specializing in the cultivation of meat gobies, usually rent to tanneries. After dressing, such material goes to the manufacture of shoes, accessories and clothing.