A sport is a concept that includes a specific competitive activity, formed historically. Competitions in the field of physical disciplines are very popular among various peoples of our planet.
Manifold
How many sports are there currently? More than two hundred. At the same time, there is a steady tendency to the appearance and development of ever new variations. In Russia alone, one hundred and fifty different physical disciplines are cultivated.
At the same time, each of them is distinguished by special features of actions, as well as by various methods of wrestling and the rules of competitions. The variety of sports has led to the need for their classification.
Olympic classification
In sports circles, all sports are divided into categories. Moreover, many of them are on the list of competitive programs of the Olympic Games.
What are the sports in this classification? They are divided into:
- speed-power: speed skating, athletics, throwing;
- cyclical disciplines: biathlon, skiing, cycling, canoeing and kayaking, as well as athletics;
- complex coordination: gymnastics (both sports and artistic), figure skating, trampolining and diving;
- sports games: water polo, hockey, handball, football, etc .;
- martial arts: boxing, judo, karate, etc .;
- all-around: in cross-country skiing, biathlon and pentathlon, in seven-track and field athletics, as well as decathlon.
The emergence of new sports
Constantly there are all new competitive disciplines. Their terms and conditions are based on material that has been accumulated historically. What are some recent sports? For example, freestyle. It contains various elements of ski jumping, acrobatics, downhill skiing with elevations and dance figures.
What are some sports that have recently appeared and have become popular at present? This is aerobics and armwrestling, bodybuilding and sports dancing.
At the junction of wrestling and boxing, a new discipline appeared - kickboxing. Officially, billiards and bowling, softball and beach volleyball have been transferred to the category of sports. In the old days they were considered a way of entertainment.
There is a special sport that stands apart and is widespread among young people. This is extreme. Interest in such sports is growing steadily. For example, a mountain bike has already been included in the Olympic program.
Extreme types include those types of sports disciplines, the implementation of which is often life-threatening. At the same time, a person receives a huge portion of adrenaline. What are the sports of this group? Popular among young people are skates and skateboarding, snowboarding and BMX.
Seasons classification
What kind of sports are there in terms of time of the competition? They are divided into summer and winter. The principle of such classification is based on the period when these competitions are held.
Summer sports differ from winter sports in that they do not require snow and ice in arenas and stadiums. Tournaments in these disciplines can be held at any time of the year. To do this, you need a hall or a stadium with a heating system.
What are the kinds of sports that are held outdoors and are summer ones? Traditionally, this is athletics. Included in this list are football, field hockey and volleyball, basketball and gymnastics - both sports and artistic.
What are winter
sports? These are the competitions that are held in the cold season. These disciplines include ice hockey and Nordic combined, as well as ski jumping and biathlon. These sports require special conditions (ice and snow).
Summer sports
The program of the Olympic Games, organized in the warm period, is very extensive. She currently includes twenty-eight sports disciplines on her list. It is worth saying that in 1896 at the first Olympics, which was held in Greece, participated in only nine sports. Championships were held in wrestling and gymnastics, shooting and cycling, weightlifting and athletics. Already at the second Olympics, the list of sports disciplines has grown significantly. It included twenty sports. Later, some disciplines were excluded from the list, and at present they are exotic. These include tug of war, cricket and rugby.
What are some summer sports? At the Olympics, various varieties of water disciplines are presented. Martial arts are included in this list. It also has cycling. The audience is particularly interested in gymnastics championships. One of its disciplines since 2000 is trampolining.
Summer sports that occupy a significant place in the Olympics are team games. Among them are basketball and volleyball, soccer and handball. Initially, the list of Olympic Games included only football. The remaining disciplines were included in this list much later.
Summer sports are swimming and wrestling, as well as weightlifting and athletics. These classic martial arts were included in the program of the Olympics in 1896. It is worth saying that the beginning of the history of athletics was laid back in ancient times.
Olympic list
The list of disciplines that are held during the warmer months includes basketball and badminton, wrestling and boxing, water and cycling, handball and volleyball, gymnastics and trampolining, rowing and judo. This list includes sailing and equestrian sports, pentathlon and athletics, triathlon and tennis, archery and bullet shooting, fencing and football, taekwondo, as well as field hockey.
New disciplines are constantly being accepted into the Olympic program. In this regard, the registry may undergo various changes.
Winter sports
The Olympics, held in the cold period, brought fifteen disciplines. For competitions in these sports, the presence of snow or ice is a prerequisite.
At the Winter Olympics, competitions are held for:
- figure skating;
- bobsleigh;
- skeleton;
- curling;
- ski freestyle;
- luge;
- ski jumping;
- snowboarding;
- short track;
- Nordic combined;
- speed skating;
- hockey;
- skiing;
- biathlon;
- cross-country skiing.
Historical facts
Alpine skiing, as well as skiing, slalom and downhill skiing were included in the program of the Winter Olympics in 1936. For the first time, championships in these disciplines were held in Germany. It happened at the IV Olympics.
Since 1924, the list of winter games included ski racing. This happened at the Olympics in Chamonix (France). Then bobsled, ski biathlon and speed skating started.
It is difficult to imagine the winter Olympics without figure skating. This sport is one of the oldest. True, the debut of figure skating took place at the 1908 Summer Olympics, which were held in London. Since 1924, this sport has been officially included in the list of disciplines participating in international winter competitions.
The Olympics in Chamonix has become a truly iconic event. The organizers of these Games have pleased the audience with an extensive list of new sports that are still popular today. One of these disciplines was ski jumping. At the same time, its height was ninety and one hundred twenty meters. Since 1924, ice hockey has also become a constant sport in which they competed at the Winter Olympics.
In the nineties of the last century the list of winter sports replenished. Extreme disciplines were included in it. So, from the 1992 Olympics freestyle and short track began to take part in the championships, and since 1998 - snowboarding.
Children's sports
Swimming and athletics, skiing and ice skating, football and cycling, gymnastics and judo - there are many sports for children .
At what age is it necessary to give a child to practice? Boys and girls are encouraged to start athletics from the age of ten. This sport will contribute to the development of proper breathing and chest muscles. This will improve the supply of oxygen to the body. Athletics also develops the muscles of the whole body, which is very useful for girls.
From five to six years old, children are recommended swimming. This discipline aligns the back, activates the lungs and develops the muscular system. Those involved in swimming will certainly form a good posture.
From the age of six, a child can go ice-skating and skiing. But regular cycling should be done only when your child is eight.
From the age of seven, boys can practice judo, and from the age of twelve - football. Rowing should be recorded only after fourteen years.
There are age restrictions for tennis. This sport is considered “one-sided”. It contributes to the greater development of one side of the body compared to the other. Therefore, you can play tennis only from the age of twelve.
An amazing sport is gymnastics. She is most popular among girls. You can do this sport from the age of eight.