A large industrial and industrial center, a modern metropolis with a population of more than a million people, a city in the Urals on the bank of the river. White, the capital of Bashkortostan - get acquainted, all this is Ufa.
History of the foundation of Ufa
According to archaeological excavations, the earliest presence of primitive people in the territory of modern Ufa can be traced from the Paleolithic period.
During the time of the Mongol invasion, it was the main base for the further conquest of the Mongols. After the collapse of the Golden Horde, she went to the Nogai Khanate. In the XVI century, the lands of the Khanate became part of Russia.
The foundation of the future city was a small fortress built in 1574 by a detachment of Russian archers near the mouth of the Ufa River.
The population of Ufa at that time was small. Mostly servants and boyar children lived here . Peasants and merchants settled outside the walls of the Kremlin. So the first settlements were formed. As a result, by the end of the 16th century, the population of Ufa was about 200 people. In 1586, Ufa was endowed with the status of a city and became the center of Bashkortostan.
Change in the population of the city in different centuries
Until the end of the first quarter of the 18th century, the city was a fortress that defended the borders of the Russian state in the southeast from raids by nomadic tribes. However, gradually Ufa as a fortress lost its strategic mission.
In the XIX century, Ufa became a provincial city. Urban planning was actively conducted. Its territory expanded. There is an increase in industrial production. How many people live in Ufa, decided to find out then the provincial statistical committee, which in 1864 conducted a census. Its results were published in a special collection.
In the XIX century, the population of Ufa increased due to the influx of peasants into the city, who were hired as free workers at industrial enterprises.
In 1879, the second Ufa census was held to identify people "illegally residing" in the city.
At the beginning of XX century. a railway line was built in Ufa, a bridge over the river of the same name, new industrial enterprises appeared, and the first power station started operating.
The rapid development of industry in the city occurred in the 30s. XX century A motor plant was commissioned, oil production began, which led to the construction of an oil refinery.
During the Great Patriotic War, city residents worked at industrial enterprises that produced products for the needs of the front. Ufa has turned into a large industrial center of the Urals. Many enterprises from all over Russia were moved here. During this period, due to more than 100 thousand evacuees, the population increased. G. Ufa made a significant contribution to the victory in the Second World War.
Ecology and climate
A humid continental climate is characteristic of the whole of Bashkiria. Winter is long, summer lasts about four months. In recent years, climate change has been clearly observed. The reason for the abnormally warm winters is being investigated by ecologists.
The environmental situation in Ufa is worrying. The work of industrial enterprises leads to daily pollution of water, soil, air, which negatively affects the health of city residents. There is an acute problem with the processing of industrial waste. Heavily polluted rivers and ponds. Bad ecology negatively affects the health of citizens. The increasing population of Ufa leads to an increase in the number of transport in the city, which also worsens the environmental situation.
Sights of the city and interesting facts about Ufa
The capital of Bashkortostan has something to surprise its guests. Many architectural monuments have been preserved that are combined with trendy hi-tech structures. The building of a large entertainment complex called “Ufa Lights” became a real architectural decoration of the village.
The symbol of the city is a monument in honor of S. Yulaev - this is the highest equestrian monument in the country. Nearby is a cozy square. The 33-meter Friendship Monument, erected in honor of the annexation of the Ural republic of Bashkortostan to Russia, is surprising in size.
The famous religious building in Ufa is the Lyalya Tulip Mosque, built in the shape of blooming tulips. This is a unique design, which has no analogues in the world. The height of the minarets is 53 meters.
City dwellers
Unclear remained one of the main questions: "What is the population in Ufa?" It is safe to say that the municipality is growing. According to 2008 data, more than 1 million people live in the city. Moreover, almost 10% more women were registered in the capital of Bashkortostan than men.
What is the current population in Ufa? This figure is approaching 1 million 100 thousand people. Specialists predict the further development of the metropolis in connection with its investment attractiveness.