The premises of the sanitary facilities are equipped depending on the size of the apartment. Currently, there are two options for such premises. Note the combined sanitary unit, separate lavatory and unit-unit of the bathroom.
The bathroom is a room that involves the placement of a wash basin and bathtub. It can also be equipped with a shower tray. The restroom is a room that is designed for the installation of a toilet. Modern sanitary facilities require the installation of a toilet bowl, washbasin, bathtub.
Theoretical aspects
They are used to a greater extent in one-room apartments. Owners of such bathrooms provide for the possibility of installing a washing machine in them.
If there is sufficient free space, it is possible to use an expanded set of equipment in the sanitary room. If there is no hot water supply in the bathroom, in this case it is necessary to provide a place for the installation of a water heating element.
Installation and features
Sanitary units are premises in which there are devices necessary for a person to use for personal hygiene. Combined is called such a variant of the room, in which both the wash basin and the toilet are installed. They are placed most often along one wall in order to simplify the installation of the pipeline.
The sanitary-technical unit involves the installation of exhaust ventilation, as well as heating appliances. In particular, it is an electric heated towel rail.
Sanitary units of public buildings are equipped with additional equipment: wall shelves, paper holders, soap dishes, toilet wall mounted cabinets with a mirror, hooks for clothes and bags, lamps. In addition, they are equipped with containers for dirty linen, paper, bath curtains.
Currently, an effective method is used in construction - public sanitary facilities are mounted using large prefabricated elements:
In some consumer services enterprises (canteens, cafes, restaurants), in addition to typical sanitary equipment, watering taps are additionally installed for washing the premises, and containers for the dosed soap supply.
Finishing Features
The sanitary units of public buildings are trying to equip with exhaust ventilation with mechanical motivation, which ensures stable air exchange. The enclosing structures in such rooms are made of waterproof materials that simplify their maintenance (washing and cleaning). The floors are supposed waterproofing. And for their decoration choose plastic or ceramic tiles. The walls are decorated with oil paint, lined with different elements: ceramics, plastic, wood-fiber panels, synthetic film.
Ventilation requirements
Under the cladding hide the main components and parts. Sanitary requirements and standards are developed for hygiene rooms in residential buildings. In particular, exhaust ventilation should be installed with a natural air outlet from the room. The inflow through the grate (at the floor) should be at least 0.02 m 2 , through the gaps under the doors at least 0.03 m 2 . An important point is the installation of doors so that they go out.
Sanitary appliances
These are devices that provide sanitary improvement of public, municipal, residential enterprises, buildings. Sanitary units include the following important appliances:
washbasins, shower trays, which are placed in bathtubs, washbasins, showers;
toilets, floor bowls, urinals, which are needed for latrines and toilets;
sinks, sinks that are mounted in cupboards, kitchens, dining rooms.
Sanitary appliances with additional fittings are sent in the form of sets for construction projects, taking into account the interior of the room.
Layout Features
How are sanitary facilities repaired? To design a bathroom, a special approach is needed at the design stage. After the repair is completed, it will be difficult to transfer the plumbing. That is why it is advisable to think through the smallest details of the bathroom, taking into account several important points:
number of people in the family;
frequency of use of the bathroom;
the presence of elderly people;
installation of special equipment;
location of ventilation ducts;
number and placement of risers;
engineering communications scheme.
If desired, you can increase the area of the sanitary room by combining the bathroom and the bathroom. Before proceeding with such actions, it is necessary to first coordinate their actions with the authorities. You also need to understand that such actions involve significant financial investments.
How to properly and rationally equip a sanitary facility? Determining the area of a room is the first step. Knowing what the size of the room is, you can allocate space for a shower, toilet, sink.
Currently, there are many showers on the market, the installation of which allows you to bring an element of modernity into the atmosphere. The walls in the bathroom can be decorated not only with plastic panels or ceramic tiles, but also with mosaic panels.
The space that will be released in this case is quite suitable for the installation of a washing machine. Open space makes it possible to add comfort to the room, completing the image with a small soft padded stool. If the plans for the appearance of a newborn, it is advisable to allocate a place in the bathroom for a small changing table.
Combined or separate bathroom
This question appears to owners of small apartments. The partition between the bathroom and the toilet does not allow them to purchase modern corner bathtubs with hydromassage, to put comfortable wardrobes, to bring cosiness and harmony into the room.
That is why many people are trying to get rid of this partition by organizing a combined sanitary unit in their apartment. The space, which was originally a doorway, is closed with plasterboard, after fixing decorative panels to the walls, a washing machine can be placed in it. Mirrors on the walls are a great solution for visually expanding the space in the bathroom. The same effect can be obtained if you use pastel shades and high-quality lighting.
Designers consider the best solution to combine two small rooms into one spacious room for personal hygiene.
Interesting solution
In the houses of the old layout, no more than 3 m 2 was allocated for the bathroom. Such modest dimensions obligated the owner to rationally use every centimeter of the available area. With proper prioritization, the choice of high-quality plumbing, furniture, it is quite possible to create a functional and harmonious image in the room.
It is better to choose a small shower cubicle so that there is room for the toilet. An interesting solution and method of rational use of free space is to mount wall cabinets for bath accessories.
Communications in this case, it is desirable to place in the wall, including cranes.
Linear placement of elements
Such a design technique is optimal for the visual expansion of space. The main advantages of this technique can be noted the location of the washbasin. It can be made one of the most beautiful items of plumbing. The shower cubicle will be hidden behind the wall, the entrance to it will not be blocked by the toilet. The disadvantage of linear placement is the inconvenience of placing a heated towel rail, so many simply refuse it.
Design Tips
Currently, the registration of the bathroom, property owners are paying close attention. This interest is not accidental, because people spend enough time in the hygienic room, dream of relaxation after a difficult day. Given that many bathrooms and toilets are very modest in size, there is a need to select such a design solution, in which it would be possible to fit the most comfortable various items of plumbing in a minimum area.
The combination of the bathroom is becoming commonplace. Designers apply various interior trends: minimalism, hi-tech, Japanese classics. Such styles make it possible to give the room not only an aesthetic appearance, but also rational use of every centimeter of the available space. High-tech is characterized by the use of suspended plumbing (sinks, toilet), installation of a shower cabin. Items should be with clear geometric lines, without carved handles, open shelves. A combination of two colors is desirable, for lighting they select rectangular sconces and small ceiling lights.
Japanese classic is also gaining popularity. This style is characterized by a neutral color scheme, natural materials for wall and floor decoration. For example, a wall with a shower can be decorated with sakura panels. Communications in this case should be hidden in the wall, and plumbing is located in one line.