An industrial pipe is a tubular section or a hollow cylinder, but not necessarily round. It is used more often for transportation of substances, liquids, gases, suspensions, powders and small solid substances. Various types of pipes are used in industry, they differ not only in diameter and material, but also in the method of installation. Their classification is extensive, but to understand it, you should study the types of pipes used in various fields of industry.
Electric Welded Industrial Pipes
They are made of low alloy carbon steel. Pipes are suitable for pipeline systems and construction, they are used for gas pipelines, but with low pressure, in heating networks and water supply systems. Distinguish electrowelded pipes by material, wall thickness, diameter and accuracy in manufacturing. Standard requirements are imposed on such pipes; they must correspond to the required strength, be reliable and resistant to aggressive environmental factors. To ensure these conditions, a special layer of polyethylene is applied to the steel pipes, but it is better if the pipe is completely stainless steel. The shape of this type of pipe is different, most often it is a circle, square or rectangle. Pipes are connected using welds, which can be made in various ways: from plasma welding, to electron beam in some industries.
Seamless
Seamless industrial pipes are more popular than electric welded pipes. They are used in water supply and sewage systems in private residential buildings, in industrial communications, shipbuilding and engineering. The big plus of these pipes is that the leakage of liquids or gases passing through them is completely eliminated by the geometry of the pipe. The absence of seams not only increases the tightness, but also increases the reliability and durability. There are several ways to make a seamless pipe: from drawing to rolling. The material used as raw material affects the capabilities of the product. The use of various additives in the alloy to steel gives either elasticity to the pipe or increases the wear resistance and resistance to environmental factors, while the quality of the structure does not suffer from this.
Chimneys. History
Smoky and ventilating industrial pipes originate in ancient times, when people laid stones around the fire. The smoke from the fire still went in different directions, and in order to divert it, pipes were needed. Furnaces in Russia have the same design as the simplest rooms of ancient people. Soot accumulates inside the pipe, so you must always monitor its tightness and prevent leaks. In addition, chimneys are needed for traction during boiler operation. Previously, they were made of brick, but modern options are less massive and made of metal with thermal insulation.
Chimney options
Smoke and ventilation industrial pipes are divided into the following categories:
- column made of metal;
- self-supporting of metal;
- front;
- on stretch marks;
- truss.
Industrial chimneys are individually designed, even though everyone has the same function, but the location in this or that production imposes certain features. The design of the chimney pipe is carried out only by professionals, observing the following factors:
- gases must pass through the entire height of the structure, and be removed to the atmosphere on a smooth surface;
- equipment features dictate the calculation and diameter of industrial pipes so that they create a "pull";
- emission concentration and dispersion should be within acceptable values.
Chimneys have special requirements not only in production but also in installation.
The main parameters of the chimneys
Over the entire length of the height, the pipe has various parameters - this is due to the features of the gas outlet channels. Their diameter can reach 1.5 meters, starting from 0.2 meters. Based on the main characteristics of the pipe, it can be supplemented with equipment in the form of a ladder, a light fence or an air terminal. Large diameter pipes are difficult to manufacture and need serious reinforcement of the base and the entire trunk.
The rules for the construction of chimneys include the following parameters:
- Installation of industrial pipes should be optimal to the installation site of boilers or other equipment for the removal of gas waste from the units.
- You can install one pipe, but connect several devices to it at once, observing the safety rules. This is inconvenient only because in order to prevent one equipment, you have to turn off all the others.
- Correctly determine the height of the pipe and the thickness of its walls. Plan a technological hole.
- Securely secure the base in one of the possible ways.
Industrial pipe classification
There are several signs by which a distinction is made in industrial pipes:
- the main factor is height, there are high pipes up to 180 meters, medium pipes from 60 to 180 meters, low pipes less than 60 meters, starting from 20;
- the cross section of the pipe can be round, rectangular and square;
- different in materials: brick, metal, reinforced concrete, and there may be a variant of combining the material, for example, the barrel is made of metal, and the casing is made of concrete;
- technical purpose can be not only for smoke removal, but also for ventilation and aggressive environments;
- construction methods are also different: pipes can be monolithic or prefabricated with different types of formwork;
- pipes of large diameter, medium or small.
Technical elements
The main parts that have industrial pipes: the base is the foundation, the trunk and additional equipment. The base can be made of reinforced concrete slabs, smooth or ribbed in unstable soils. Lay it to a depth, depending on climatic conditions, operation and groundwater.
The pipe trunk is divided into three components: body, head and lining. The body, in turn, has a division on the console, each of which is from 10 to 20 m, inside has a coating of refractory bricks or acid-resistant. The head is protected with a special cap made of cast iron from erosion.