Gardening has stepped far forward. Breeders reach new heights, introducing new zoned varieties of different crops. Thanks to this, grapes can now be found not only in the south, but also in more severe climatic zones. In order for your favorite plant variety to multiply, you can resort to several methods. For example, buy the necessary planting material or use vaccinations, bends.
However, planting grapes with cuttings, although it is a more time-consuming process, still allows you to significantly save money while maintaining the family budget. This task is within the power of every novice gardener - the main thing is to adhere to simple rules and use some small tricks, which will be discussed below.
Stages of preparing cuttings for propagation
Planting grapes with cuttings at home is divided into 4 stages: cutting, proper storage, preparatory work (germination) and planting. Particular attention should be paid to the lunar calendar, conducting all necessary operations in accordance with the recommended dates. The issue should be taken seriously. This applies not only to planting a plant in the ground.
Cutting
In autumn, when pruning grapes, a lot of material remains for further propagation of this valuable crop - these are branches. You need to look at them and pre-reject those that are not suitable for this purpose. For planting grapes with cuttings, only living branches with a light bark are suitable. If they have various painful spots, dry patches or any other damage, you can safely get rid of them. They are unsuitable for further planting.
If the preliminary inspection did not reveal any flaws, then all foliage and shoots are completely removed from such a rod. Only a few developed kidneys are left. The optimal size of such pruning is 30-40 cm. For two or three eyes - as it suits anyone. It is necessary to carefully consider the choice of tools. To perform this operation, a sharp pruner is best. This is necessary to avoid dents or other damage on the cut.
Those who are only planning to plant a vine in their area and are forced to purchase branches should pay attention to some signs so as not to be mistaken. For planting grapes in the spring, cuttings in wet soil will fit the cuttings. Accordingly, their roots can in no case be dry. Buy a plant should only be from trusted wholesalers. Thanks to the efforts of some craftsmen, it is possible to get at the output not what was stated on the label.
There is an entrenched misconception that cuttings without rhizomes do not take root well. This is not true. Just to adapt to a new place, they will need more time.
Storage
There are several ways to save the material for propagating the vine : using a refrigerator or a cellar. The advantage of the refrigerator is that it is easy to observe the necessary temperature conditions, and when stored in a cellar, the “put and forget” principle will not work.
After cutting, the cuttings are placed in a container of water at room temperature for two days. Then, for half an hour, the beams are placed in a weak solution of potassium permanganate. When creating such a solution, it is best to focus on color. With the right concentration, it has a slightly pinkish color. The next operation is drying. Dry branches are not worth it. It is enough to just slightly dampen the moisture with a towel, rags. The branches are wrapped in a dark bag, after which they are safely placed in the refrigerator.
Basement is an ideal place to store. He is able to take much more material and more storage methods than in the house. This applies not only to packaging for various packages. They can still be dug with wet sand. There is another reliable way of storage - right on the plot. A pit of sufficient depth is excavated (for each climatic zone it is different, it is enough to simply study the data on freezing of the soil). In such a depression, similarly dug with wet sand, it is possible to store the trimmings of the vine.
Necessary preparatory work for germination
Before planting grapes with cuttings, when germinating on water, it is necessary to perform a whole complex of simple sequential operations. After successful removal from the storage, a visual inspection of the material is performed. The requirements for the rods are the same as when preparing them for storage (light bark, lack of spots, mold). After satisfactory inspection results, the cut on the cut is updated. Its wood should have a characteristic light green color, indicating a good quality of planting material.
"Eye" is also subject to inspection. For this purpose, an incision is made along it. With a positive result, there is a green color. After this, you can proceed to wilderness. Planting grape cuttings in bottles, jars or any other convenient containers is carried out after appropriate preparation. All containers are filled with water by one third, after which the material is soaked for soaking, the period of which lasts about two days. When soaking, especially in the last 15-20 hours, “heteroauxin” is added to the water. Enough 2 ampoules. You can also use honey solution (1 tbsp.spoon per bucket of water).
Kilchevator at home
The most convenient containers are glass jars. Especially if you put a few pieces of charcoal on their bottom. Such simple manipulation subsequently will allow less frequent change of water (approximately once a week). If you wish, you can use another little trick - cotton. Laying it in a small layer (2-3 cm) on the bottom of the can ensures the flow of moisture to the base of the cuttings, even in cases where a person, due to his forgetfulness, has not added water.
Then melt or rain water is poured 3 cm into the jar. If you add more, the formation of roots is disrupted. After soaking in water, the rods are cut so that during installation in a container the kidney is at the interface between water and air. The peephole is removed, and 2-3 furrows are made on the trunk.
Question about waxing
In the preparation of vineyard cuttings for planting, a procedure such as waxing (filling the kidneys with paraffin) is used. This method allows the growth energy of the twig to be directed completely to the formation of the root system. When installing the container on a warm windowsill, the temperature regime should be taken into account: do not allow heating above 24 degrees due to the high probability of the appearance of callus, which can become an obstacle to the formation of roots. In addition, an increase in water temperature will decrease the concentration of oxygen in it.
Germination of planting material
Planting grape cuttings in February, or rather rooting them, can be done in three different ways: in a bag, bottle or glass. A brief description of these methods will make the most suitable choice for gardeners.
Package
To do this, several holes are made in a plastic bag. They will allow excess water to escape, which, with its excess, can cause the plant to rot. Rooting is best done in specially sanitized coniferous sawdust. Needles in themselves are a good natural antiseptic. And boiling sawdust for about 10 minutes ensures the destruction of harmful bacteria. After they have cooled in the bag, the cuttings themselves can be placed there, making sure that they are thoroughly immersed in sawdust. Only one kidney should stick up. The final step in planting grapes with cuttings in this way is to water the contents with a weak solution of potassium permanganate, followed by covering with another bag on top.
Bottle
To do this, a neck is cut off from the container, and holes are drilled from below. The bottom is filled with drainage. Top is laid on the ground, not more than 5-7 tablespoons. When placing the handle there, it is important to remember: its “eye” should be opposite the neck. Sawdust is added, and this design is covered with a glass. When the plant grows, it is removed. This is the most favorable option for planting grapes with cuttings in winter.
Glass
The principle is the same. There should be holes at the bottom of a half-liter glass. As a lower layer, a two-centimeter layer of earth with decayed leaves is used. The rest of the space is filled with moist sand, in which the sprout is placed. The container is placed in a mini-greenhouse: in a 1.5-liter bottle, cut the bottom, neck and cover the glass.
Planting grape cuttings in the ground
Experienced gardeners prefer to relocate the plant to the site in the spring. Grapes love the sun, do not like waterlogged soil - this must be taken into account when choosing a planting site. The landing hole has the following dimensions: its depth is 80 cm and its diameter is 70 cm. The shape (square or round) does not matter.
The rooted sprout is planted in loose earth. You can also add broken red brick. Sawdust from the roots is not removed. The rhizome is neatly straightened and covered with soil, followed by watering. Transplanting is a huge stress for a plant that grapes can hardly tolerate. Do not panic - you just need to be patient and take care of the landing in a timely manner.