Due to the demographic growth of the population in Russia, the need for high-quality and affordable food products is constantly increasing. The optimal solution is to increase the volume of agricultural production. But in this case, agribusiness should be intensively developed. This is one of the most important and promising sectors of material production, which ensures not only the country's food security, but also the social well-being of its citizens. In addition, agriculture plays one of the main roles in shaping the domestic economy.
The concept of agribusiness
Any type of agricultural activity is agribusiness. The scale of enterprises can be very different, ranging from a small family farm to large agricultural firms. The official status of the enterprise is determined by its size and form of management.
Agribusiness is the structure responsible for the production, storage, processing, transportation and delivery of agricultural products to the final consumer.
Organizational forms of agricultural business
There are several forms of doing business in agriculture. The choice of a specific option depends on the planned scale and development model of the enterprise. The most common forms are:
- Personal subsidiary farming. This form of activity does not involve hiring employees, therefore registration in the tax structure is not required. Owners of subsidiary farms have the right to sell their products in small volumes without paying taxes.
- Family farm. As the name implies, housekeeping is carried out by members of the same family, but hiring outside workers is possible. One of the owners of the family farm must be registered as an individual entrepreneur. Such enterprises can participate in various targeted programs, receive subsidies, etc.
- Peasant farming. Usually this is a large enterprise, which is a collective form of ownership. The head of such an enterprise must be registered as an individual entrepreneur or legal entity. Peasant farms enjoy state support and have good development prospects.
The choice of form and direction of activity
Starting your own business is always fraught with complexity and risk. Entrepreneurs who decide to engage in agribusiness have many questions, the main ones being the choice of the most suitable form and direction of management, the amount of necessary starting investments and monthly costs, the profitability of the future enterprise, etc.
Of course, all these questions must be tried to find answers at the stage of creating a business. It will help to make a competent business plan, which should take into account all possible risks. As for the choice of the direction of activity, then experienced farmers advise to build on existing experience in a particular branch of agriculture, the availability of knowledge and, naturally, on their own material base.
The need for agribusiness development
Unfortunately, Russian farmers are still experiencing many difficulties due to the low level of state support. Improving the agri-food policy will allow small, medium and large agricultural enterprises to fully realize their potential and achieve competitive advantages in the agricultural production of highly profitable products, which will help strengthen Russia's economic position in the world markets.
In economically developed countries, government support for agribusiness is all sorts of subsidies, subsidies and benefits. At the same time, the size of financial investments in the agricultural sector is actually 2 times higher than the market value of the manufactured products.
Problems of agribusiness in Russia
In our country, unfortunately, the situation looks very different. Today there are a huge number of issues that must be addressed at the state level. In particular:
- attracting investors through various benefits, lower tax rates, etc .;
- regulation of prices for agricultural products by the state;
- simplification of the lending system for small and large farmers;
- introduction of land mortgages;
- stimulating the development of medium and small farms;
- control over the correctness of accrual and timely payment of salaries to agricultural workers;
- simplification and cheapening of the cadastral registration procedure;
- the creation of targeted programs aimed at stimulating personnel and attracting young people to agriculture;
- development of a state support system for agricultural enterprises of all forms of ownership;
- the formation of a comprehensive program to protect Russian farmers.
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