Modern equipment and machines for furniture production are software and hardware for processing workpieces and accessories. With the help of such units, craftsmen perform cutting, edging and additive parts from MDF, particleboard, furniture board or plywood.
Large-scale production uses CNC furniture equipment, while smaller enterprises acquire semi-automatic and automatic devices.
Types and classification
When choosing equipment for the furniture workshop, it is necessary to take into account the specifics of the activity, the planned volumes of output, as well as the size of the room where it is planned to carry out the main activity. All machines for furniture production are divided into the following categories:
- CNC milling machines;
- format-cutting;
- edge facing;
- drilling and additive;
- CNC machining centers;
- equipment and presses for facing;
- veneer processing equipment;
- spray booths;
- Packaging equipment;
- baguette equipment;
- equipment for the production of mattresses;
- equipment for the manufacture of chairs;
- interstitial mechanization.
Using milling machines, milling of the surface of materials is carried out.
Panel saws are horizontal and vertical.
Drilling and additive and drilling machines for furniture production are necessary when creating through or blind holes for the subsequent assembly of furniture and fastening accessories. .
To protect the finished product from deformation, it is covered with a special edge. End processing is carried out on specific equipment - a machine for edging and cladding.
Elements of cut and individual parts are notable for their considerable weight and impressive dimensions. Therefore, inter-station equipment is quite significant. Using conveyor lines, workpieces are moved around the workshop.
Production stages
Furniture manufacturing technology is divided into several stages: cutting raw materials, drilling structural holes, manufacturing and laminating facades, edge processing, assembly of finished products.
- Plate material is cut on format-cutting machines of various degrees of automation and power. The furniture board is fixed on the desktop and moved relative to the saw mechanism, performing cutting.
- Drilling holes in the workpieces is carried out on drilling and additive machines. Usually they are equipped with several spindles with diameters from 20 to 130 mm, which allows even complex parts to be machined in one installation.
- Facades of cabinet furniture are usually made on milling machines for the production of furniture facades. These units with high performance make it possible to obtain excellent quality of the processed surface.
- Using edge banding machines, a protective tape is applied to the workpiece in semi-automatic or automatic modes.
- Sometimes, for the manufacture of the facade, they need veneering or lamination. Vacuum presses are used for these processes. In addition, this equipment can glue curved facades in layers.
Features and Manufacturers
Depending on the material from which cabinet furniture will be made (particleboard, fiberboard, MDF, metal, wood or plastic), a machine of the required power and with specific functions is selected.
Modern furniture equipment is produced with numerical control. Thanks to woodworking machines for furniture manufacturing with CNC, the operator only needs to set the operating parameters. And cutting materials for cabinets, chairs, tables, tables and shelves is carried out without significant physical effort and quickly.
The popularity of models of equipment for the production of furniture is explained by the presence of branded service, the reliability of equipment, a reasonable ratio of quality and price.
The most popular machine tools and equipment for the manufacture of furniture are models from Czech firms Houfek, Adamik, Rojek, Italian brands Griggio, Centauro.
The machine of the Swiss company Kundig of the Brilliant model allows you to achieve good quality glossy surface. And for finishing and grinding, CNC machines for furniture production from the Swiss company Kundig AG and the German company MB Maschinenbau GmbH are popular.
Combined machines
Such equipment is in special demand among small manufacturers of cabinet furniture due to the ability to perform all the basic functions of furniture production. In essence, this is a mini-workshop in one device. It is enough to purchase a machine for furniture production for gluing and edge processing to get a full-fledged line for the manufacture of furniture.
Using the combined unit, the operator can perform five operations:
- cutting material;
- thicknessing;
- jointing;
- spike cutting and milling;
- milling and drilling grooves.
Specification
Machine tools for furniture production of kitchens may include additional functions and devices for sandblasting workpieces or a temperature furnace for glass work. A press for manufacturing facades of non-standard sizes and types may also be useful. In essence, kitchen furniture is the same cabinet. Only contains more lockers, compartments and drawers.
Equipment for the manufacture of upholstered furniture also has its own characteristics. Recently, such furniture is mainly made to order. Most of the work of this specificity is performed manually and does not require expensive equipment. Most often, upholstered furniture is manufactured in small enterprises that are quickly rebuilt to meet market demands.
Installation and operation
Before purchasing machines for furniture production, you need to pay attention to the floor surface in the production room and find out from the seller of the equipment all the requirements for floors when installing machines. If necessary, work to strengthen the foundation.
Together with repair work, equipment installation and staff training can be carried out in parallel. For these purposes, use the equipment operating instructions and special programs for the development of advanced technologies.
After all the preparatory work is completed and the installation is completed, commissioning is necessary for the equipment.