March 13, 2013 Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin at the Sambo-70 Center met with representatives of the Russian education system, the federal executive branch, and the public. The topic of conversation was the fundamental importance of more complete material and sports support, the relevance of the remake of the TRP and at the same time assimilating it to the realities of modern Russian life. In particular, it was about giving the updated TRP the status of an exam along with the exam when entering a university.
Preliminary preparation
The conversation was not an impromptu one. The budget of the country previously held the accumulation of funds for the deployment of this project in the amount of 1.5 billion rubles. (they were "saved" by the Olympics in Sochi). For comparison: the estimated cost of implementing the TRP, according to the estimates of the Minister of Sports Vitaly Mutko, is 1.2 billion rubles.
Also, in most universities and secondary schools, a major overhaul of sports halls and playgrounds intended for physical education was carried out. Many of these facilities have artificial turf stadiums. Thus, the youth received the necessary sites for playing sports: football, basketball, and so on. At the level of cities and their districts, pools have been built and are under construction, as well as sports palaces. Now for the townspeople, the distance to the nearest pool is equivalent to 5-10 minutes of walking. A structure has been created and is being improved which has a potential throughput an order of magnitude higher than what the current physical culture movement offers.
Presidential Decree
Obviously, the conversation turned out to be constructive, because on March 24, 2014, President of Russia Vladimir Putin signed Decree No. 172 on the All-Russian Physical Culture Complex of the TRP. According to the project, it was decided to start the delivery of standards throughout the state on September 1, 2015. The Presidential Administration developed an appropriate plan, and Vladimir Vladimirovich set the task for the Government of the Russian Federation to create a provision on the TRP by mid-June 2014, and to submit a phased plan for its implementation by 01.08.2014.
At the same time, the President of the Russian Federation determined the actual executors of this project - the Ministry of Sports (the coordinating body) and the federal apparatus of the executive branch (organizer and initiator of the implementation of universal commissioning of the complex on the ground). However, the process went ahead of schedule.
The traditional name of the sports complex
It should be noted that with the familiar abbreviation TRP, carefully preserved from Soviet times, the updated name of the complex is still different from the original. Initially, it talked about the physical readiness of those who pass the TRP standards for both intensive labor in the national economy and protection (meaning the homeland, although the word itself was not mentioned).
How did the Russians themselves react to the revival of tradition? Surveys have shown that the vast majority - with approval, moreover, expressed a personal desire to pass the standards of 60% of the younger generation and 36% of older Russians. Only 5% of the population criticized the revival of the TRP, and 22% expressed an “unformed opinion”.
New interpretation of the name
The updated TRP transcript sounds like: “I'm proud of you, Fatherland!” This title-appeal turned out to be more personal, warmer, it directly refers to the holy word for the Russian person "Fatherland".
The wording of the name of the complex carries a powerful message to citizens: it does not just affect the physical aspect of being in proper athletic form, but also provides moral motivation for those who pass the TRP standards. It is about a person’s attention to his personal physical form and its comparison with the conscious tasks of serving the Fatherland.
Draft regulations on the TRP. The essence of the complex
The developed draft regulation defines the status of the TRP — the program and regulatory framework, that is, figuratively speaking, the cornerstone of the entire system of physical education of citizens of the Russian Federation.
This makes us think about the meaning of the project - to introduce a reference point in the field of physical education of millions of people, to stimulate, through standards, compliance with certain standards of physical health. The state is launching a powerful plan of international, all-Russian and regional physical culture and sports events, during which citizens will fulfill the TRP standards.
Verified solution
The revival of the set of standards for physical fitness is an unmistakable option, since it has proven itself wonderfully for decades. The older generation still remembers him warmly. It was his mechanism that marked the beginning of the transformation of the Soviet Union into a leading sports power. Hundreds of thousands of schoolchildren, having passed the TRP standards at a decent level, then fell into the selection system of sports schools. Then for the most talented of them the principle of “social elevator” worked. Thus, the numerous Soviet Olympic champions and World Champions began with a small badge that broadcasts about their successful passing of physical tests.
The establishment of the TRP
Recall the story. How was the complex born called Ready for Labor and Defense born?
On September 23, 1929, the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks assessed the state of the physical culture movement in the country as unsatisfactory. The Bolsheviks made a number of criticisms of the insufficient mass character of this movement among working and rural youth. Outlining the course of the new physical culture movement, they pointed out the fallacy and harm of the one-sided “sportization”. They decided to bring the situation under state control. By a resolution of the Central Committee, they proposed the creation of the All-Union Council of Physical Education (VSFC) at the Central Election Commission (CEC). 04/01/1930, the Presidium of the CEC adopted a decree on the creation of the All-Union Supreme Economic Forum.
05.24.1930 the newspaper "Komsomolskaya Pravda" published materials prepared jointly by the Komsomol and the All-Union Council of Physical Education. The key idea in them was the initiation of a unified assessment of physical training in the country. After discussing these materials, in November 1930, the All-Russian Federal Financial Forum published a draft of the Ready for Labor and Defense complex.
TRP development dynamics
03/07/1931, the All-Union High Commission for Sport, having such authority, approved the TRP complex, containing 15 physical exercises and consisting of a single stage.
In 1932, in the presence of 465 thousand beginner athletes who passed the standards and were awarded with badges, the All-Russian Federal Financial Committee developed and approved the second level of standards, it was already fundamentally more difficult to fulfill. It was justified, youth interest grew. The result was noticeable as early as next year: the number of badges increased by 2 times.
On June 15, 1934, the Ready for Labor and Defense complex was “younger” and actually grew into an all-Union movement: the All-Russian Federal Financial Forum attracted younger age groups: from 13 to 14 and from 15 to 16 years, and by the end of the year the number of people who had overcome the standard, increased significantly - up to 2.5 million people.
Until the beginning of World War II, the movement gained strength, its representatives took part in parades. After rebuilding the national economy, destroyed during the hostilities, it continued its march through the territory of the USSR.
To pass the standards, a unified order was determined in 1954 - sports and competition. Since 1959, the stages of the TRP of the USSR are divided by age groups. 1972 was marked by the introduction of a separate age category for pre-draft and draft youth. Since 1979, children over the age of 10 have been involved in this movement. The TRP sports movement was organically connected with the educational process in schools and universities. Physical education teachers, thanks to the constant practice of training sports-oriented youth, also improved their skills as teachers and as trainers.
TRP steps
The history of the TRP in the Soviet Union totals sixty years. During this time, invaluable experience has been gained in reaching out to and engaging young people and older generations in a healthy lifestyle. The existing system turned out to be truly popular, its adherents were in the age range from 10 to 60 years, which is shown in table 1.
Table 1. Correspondence of age ranges to TRP steps
Stage name | Sequence number of a step | Age range |
“Bold and Agile” | I stage | girls and boys 10-11 and 12-13 years old |
"Sports shift" | II stage | adolescents 14-15 years old |
"Strength and courage" | III stage | girls and boys 16-18 years old |
“Physical Perfection” | IV stage | women 19–34 and men 19–39 years old |
"Vigor and health" | V stage | women 35–55 years old and men 40-60 years old |
The delivery of standards in the USSR provided for two levels of their complexity, corresponding to the "silver" badge and the "gold". On each icon below, under the image, its step was shown.
An example of the standards of the Soviet TRP
As an example, we present the third stage “Strength and courage”, which is part of the TRP complex. The standards and qualification requirements for obtaining a gold badge implied the fulfillment of 7 standards for “gold”, and 2 standards for “silver”. In addition, in order to receive the “Golden Badge with honors”, it was assumed that the dealer would have one first or two second sports categories.
The guys tried, because only the alloy of great desire and diligence allowed the young man to be marked by the first sports sign in his life. As can be seen from the table below, the TRP standards for men, by virtue of their stronger constitution, which naturally, were more tense than women.
Table 2. Standards TRP III level "Strength and courage"
N p / p | Exercise Names | TRP badge |
Girls Gold / Silver | Boys Gold / Silver |
1. Short-distance running | 100m running | 15.4 / 16.2 sec | 13.5 / 14.2 sec |
2. Mid-distance running | Cross (middle distance) | | |
500 m run | 1.5 / 2.0 min | - |
run on 1 thousand m | - | 3.2 / 3.3 min |
or | | |
500m ice skating distance | 1.2 / 1.3 min | 1.15 / 1.25 min |
3. Long or high jump | Length | 375/340 cm | 480/440 cm |
or | | |
Height | 115/105 cm | 135/125 cm |
4. Throwing a grenade 500 g (700 g) or throwing a core 4 kg (5 kg) | Throwing a grenade 500 g | 25/21 m | - |
Grenade throwing 700 g | - | 40/35 m |
or | | |
Shot put 4 kg | 6.8 / 6.0 m | |
Shot put 5 kg | - | 10.0 / 8.0 m |
5. Cross country skiing | Ski race | | |
3 km ski race | 18/20 min | - |
5 km ski race | - | 25/27 min |
or | | |
Cross-country skiing 10 km | - | 52/57 min |
In the snowless. areas: | | |
Throw march | | |
3 km throw march | 18/20 min | - |
6 km march | - | 32/35 min |
or | | |
Cycling | | |
Cyclocross 10 km | 27/30 min | - |
Cyclocross 20 km | - | 46/50 min |
6. Swimming | Swimming at a distance of 100 m | 2.00 / 2.15 min | 1.45 / 2.00 min |
7. Pulling up (crossbeam) | Pulling up (horizontal bar) | - | 12/8 times |
or | | |
The rise of the coup (force) | - | 4/3 times |
Flexion and extension of the arms in focus | 12/10 times | - |
8. Shooting | Small caliber rifle shooting | | |
Small caliber rifle shooting 25 m | 37/30 points | 40/33 points |
or | | |
Small caliber rifle shooting 50 m | 34/27 points | 37/30 points |
or | | |
Shooting from AKM / carbine according to the program of NVP | will satisfy. | will satisfy. |
9. Camping | Hiking with skill testing and orientation | Gold (trekking - 25 km, alternative: 2 trekking - each 15 km). Silver (trekking - 20 km, alternative: 2 trekking - each 12 km) | Gold (trekking - 25 km, alternative: 2 trekking - each 15 km). Silver (trekking - 20 km, alternative: 2 trekking - each 12 km) |
It should be noted that the delivery of standards was not formal. To get the TRP badge, boys and girls had to be in good physical condition, unattainable without regular training.
Pilot project
Ahead of the terms of the presidential decree, on March 1, 2013, a pilot project began in all cities of Russia. How was it carried out?
Regional federal departments of education have appointed those responsible for the effective passage of this process. Then, in the month of February 2013, a sports equipment was prepared on the ground, and a documentary regulatory framework - testing schedules. Conducted theoretical and practical classes with schoolchildren on reviving standards.
The “pilot” students and students began to take the TRP complex at the beginning of the last decade of March. The organizers tested physical training of 50% (for example, odd classes or groups) of schoolchildren and students. Checking the remaining 50% is scheduled for next year. The results are documented in test protocols. Standards (for example, skiing) were passed in collaboration with the Youth Sports School. Then the testing protocols were sent to the regional youth sports schools to identify young people with demonstrated sports abilities. Throughout the year, targeted training of schoolchildren and students has been planned.
Since 2014, the complex we are discussing has been included in all the curricula of the Russian Federation.
TRP age groups
The revived complex has a greater number of steps than its predecessor. Its goal is the maximum coverage of the country's population. After all, it is planned to improve the lifestyle of millions of Russians. Accordingly, this project covers a larger age range than its predecessor: from 6 years to an age exceeding 70 years. The age groups of the “Proud of You, Fatherland” complex are presented below (see table 3).
Table 3. Age groups of the new TRP
Steps of the complex | Age categories |
stage I | school 1-2 cells, children 6-8 years old |
stage II | school 3-4 cells, children 9-10 years old |
stage III | school 5-6 cl., 11-12 years old |
stage IV | school 7-9 cells., 13-15 years |
stage V | school 10-11 cells, prof. education (16 to 17 years old) |
stage VI | athletes age: 18-29 years |
stage VII | the age of athletes is 30-39 years |
stage VIII | age from 40 to 49 years |
stage IX | age from 50 to 59 years |
stage X | age from 60 to 69 years |
stage XI | age from 70 years and more |
Exercises complex "Proud of you, Fatherland!"
Imagine an updated interpretation of the TRP on the example of male standards for the VI stage (18-24 years). It should be noted that athletes are evaluated by three icons: bronze, silver and gold.
The updated complex contains both mandatory exercises and exercises of choice (see table 4).
Table 4. Exercises
No. p / p | Exercises | Qualification indicators: gold // silver // bronze |
1 | Short distance running 100 m | 13.5 // 14.8 // 15.1 sec |
2 | Middle distance running - 3 km | 12.3 // 13.30 // 14.00 min |
3 | Long jump | 430 // 390 // 380 cm |
3 | Or long jump | 240 // 230 // 215 cm |
4 | High bar pull-up | 13 // 10 // 9 times |
4 | Or a jerk of 16 kg of weight | 40 // 30 // 20 times |
5 | Tilt forward. Starting position standing with straight. kicking on the gymnast. bench | 13 // 7 // 6 cm |
| | Elective exercises |
6 | Throwing a grenade weighing 700 g | 37 // 35 // 33 m |
7 | 5 km ski distance | 23.30 // 25.30 // 26.30 min |
7 | or 5 km cross for snowless. areas | Excluding time (b / uch) |
8 | Swimming at a distance of 50 m | 0.42 // b / uch // b / uch |
9 | Pneumatic shooting. rifles | 25 // 20 // 15 points |
9 | Electronic weapon shooting | 30 // 25 // 18 points |
10 | Hike | Distance -15 km, orienteering |
After analyzing the above table, we see that some disciplines are changed relative to the Soviet TRP. For example, a 1 km run is replaced by a 3 km distance. The high jump was removed from the new complex , but they added to the long jump from the start its alternative - a jump from a place. The pull-up exercise on the crossbar was left, but instead of its alternatives (they were removed: going out by force and lifting by flipping), a new option No. 2 was added - a jerk of a 16-kilogram weight.
Shooting as an exercise has become more perfect. She is finally concretized to current features. Weapons for shooting became available for schools and universities: an electronic simulator or an air rifle.
Conclusion
The return of the TRP to Russia is in demand by time and social factors. It was positively received by most Russians.
The health of the people is invaluable, and its foundation is laid, among other things, by similar national events of a regular nature. The mechanism of the foundation of the physical education system, which has been developed over decades, is viable, and its implementation will soon initiate progress in the development of Russian sports.