The city of Lipetsk is the regional administrative center of Russia with a population of over half a million people. Located in close proximity to Moscow. The distance to the capital is only 445 km.
Population history
On the territory of the city in the 13th century AD e. there was a Slavic settlement. Located on a hilly area. From all sides the settlement was surrounded by steep slopes. The only entrance to the city was in the south and was well fortified with high walls. In the central square was a princely house. The population of Lipetsk at that time consisted mainly of artisans.
In 1284, after a long siege, the principality was captured and plundered by the Mongol-Tatars. The restoration of the settlement took several years of sonnets. In 1703, the rapid construction of factories and wooden residential buildings began. Peter I himself had great hopes in Lipetsk. By his decree, the iron industry was developed here. All products from the plants went to the needs of the army and navy. In addition, the unemployment problem was solved in this way.
At the end of the 18th century, the population of Lipetsk was only 6 thousand people. Gradually, whole industrial areas began to appear in the city. Since 1779, Lipetsk was part of the Tambov governorship. And after a few years he received his own coat of arms. In 1806, a terrible fire occurred in the newly formed city, which swept entire areas. After that, the local government decided to begin large-scale construction of stone buildings. By 1862, the population of Lipetsk totaled more than 11.5 thousand people.
The formation of the modern city dates from the end of the 19th century. The main reason was the revival of the economy after prolonged stagnation. Travel agencies, foreign commercial branches, and a new postal station began to appear in the region. Most investors were interested in the endless ore reserves near Lipetsk. In 1943, in a record time, a tractor factory was erected from scratch, which is now famous throughout Russia.
Edge Features
Lipetsk is located on the geological border of the Don plain and the Central Russian Upland. That is why there is such a heterogeneous hilly area. The city is based on the Voronezh River. The region is small in area - only 320 square meters. km Furthermore, the height of the center is 160 m.
Lipetsk is located in the same time zone as Moscow. The UTM time offset is +3: 00.
The climate here is temperate, continental, as in the entire region. The city is located on the same latitude as Amsterdam and Berlin, but the temperature indicators vary significantly. Winters in the region are steadily moderate. Most of the time it snows. In winter, the average temperature does not exceed -8 degrees.
Summer is sunny and warm, no intense heat is observed. The temperature in July is about +20 degrees. Moreover, the amount of precipitation does not exceed 500 mm.
Administrative division
Since 1954, Lipetsk has been the regional center of the region. Today it consists of several independent administrative units. They obey the Lipetsk administration. The city is divided into four territorial districts: October, Left-Bank, Soviet and Right-Bank. All of them are approximately equal in area and economic importance.
Traditionally, more than a dozen districts are distinguished in the city: Center, Peredelitsy, Syrsky, Sokolsky, Mirny, Severny mine, Experimental Station, Tractor, New Life, Zarechye, Matyrsky, Dachny, Venus, Eletsky and others.
Currently, there are 23 squares, 2 boulevards and more than 700 streets in Lipetsk.
Urban population
Over the past five decades, there has been significant demographic growth. As early as 1897, the population of Lipetsk was about 21 thousand people. Over the next 35 years, this figure increased by only a few percent. The population explosion was observed in 1939. Then in a short time the population of Lipetsk grew by 3 times. The next leap was in 1956. At that time, the number was 123 thousand people.
Each subsequent five-year period, until the mid-1980s, demographic indicators increased at an unprecedented rate - from 15% and higher. So, in 1993, the population of Lipetsk amounted to exactly half a million inhabitants. Since then, the number has increased by 2-3 thousand people a year.
For the first time, a negative trend in demographic indicators was noticed in the early 2000s. So, from 2002 to 2008, the population fell by 17 thousand people. The situation returned to normal thanks to the effective actions of the authorities. The regional administration decided to launch the program for the resettlement of compatriots living outside of Russia. As it turned out, the migration flow in Lipetsk really increased. Today, various motivating economic programs operate for new citizens.
It is noteworthy that Lipetsk is considered the second most populated city in the Chernozem region. Its demographic indicators for 2015 are more than 510 thousand inhabitants.
Area population
The largest number of citizens of the region is noted in the city of Lipetsk - almost 50%. In total, the population of the region is about 1.16 million people. Moreover, the demographic density exceeds 48 people / sq. km In the Lipetsk region, the urban population predominates significantly - about 64%.
It is worth noting that the current population of the region is only 15 thousand people more than in 1959. In the past 20 years, there has been a serious outflow of young people to larger cities and abroad. During this period, more than 90 thousand citizens left the region.
Today, Russians, Ukrainians, Armenians, Belarusians, Gypsies, Azerbaijanis, Chechens, Tatars, and representatives of many other nationalities live here.
Employment
In 2015, slightly more than 0.5% of unemployed people were registered. This is about 1470 people. Most of them are taken care of by the Employment Service. Lipetsk by percentage of unemployment is at the very bottom of the list with the best rates in the entire district. All this is due to the fact that every year the number of unemployed citizens is getting smaller. The Employment Service is open on weekdays, accepting everyone.
The social protection of the population of Lipetsk, including the poor and young families, is in the first place with the city administration. In 2015, a new program for helping people with disabilities came into force. It provides employers with subsidies, which subsequently must go to the employment of citizens with disabilities.
Special economic zone
In this area, increased employment is observed. Lipetsk is a special economic zone designed to develop the production and industrial sectors of the Russian Federation. This SEZ has not only regional, but also federal significance.
The zone is located in the suburbs of Lipetsk. It covers an area of 10.3 square meters. km The local SEZ attracts investors with its geographical location and transport accessibility. Among the other economic advantages of the zone, a free customs regime without duties and taxes should be highlighted.