Kazakh horse belongs to the steppe breeds. Her homeland is Kazakhstan. It is believed that her ancestors were Asian wild horses. Back in the fifth century BC e. the breed was influenced by Arab, Mongolian, purebred English, Don Trotter and others.
There are two types of horses of the Kazakh breed: Adaevskaya and Jabe. The first is intended for riding, and the second is grown as meat - its live weight reaches 500 kg.
Appearance story
In the first millennium BC, during the time of Asia Minor, when it was inhabited by Saka tribes, people were breeding horses. Ancient historians said that children of local tribes knew how to ride horses better than walking. The whole life of the nomadic people was based on horse breeding. Kazakh horses provided a great advantage in battle, the processing of horse products contributed to the development of crafts. The population received from animals everything necessary for life.
Kazakh horses were used for riding, like pack animals. They gave koumiss, meat. In those days, Saki bred long-legged tall and large animals with wide legs. Each species had its purpose. The former were used in battle, while the latter were grown for meat.
What types are there?
The Kazakh horse breed is represented by two species: jabe (jabe) and adaev. The latter is a swift horses. This species was most affected by English influence. The subspecies has a height of 145 cm in the hill, walks well under the saddle. Adaev is famous for its lightness and lively temperament. This is an elegant animal, bay, yellow, white. Sometimes this horse is reproached for a light skeleton. Representatives of the breed are used for riding, on the run. They lend themselves well to training, look beautiful in the arena.
Another type of Kazakh horse - jabe - is hardy, stubborn animals adapted to life in the harsh conditions of the Kazakh climate. To improve the breed, the animals were mixed with Don Trotters, which helped to improve the appearance of the jabe. They grow the species mainly for meat. Their weight reaches 500 kilograms.
The jabés are not big, about 140 cm tall. There are red, mousy colors. The head is large, heavy, muscular, short neck.
In the summer, both species tolerate heat well, can go without water for a long time. In winter, their hair grows long, which helps animals survive in any conditions.
Where is it found?
The breed of Kazakh riding horse ranks ninth in the world in terms of territory and is distributed in several natural zones.
In the south-west of the country in deserts and semi-deserts, the Adaevsky species is bred. In the harsh conditions of the local climate, no other breed can survive. And these animals with a dry consistency can do without water for a long time, eating dry grass. Adaevts perfectly adapt to stony soils, which helps in overcoming long distances.
In the central part of the country, jabs are grown. These powerful representatives of the breed - hardy, strong, can travel long distances.
In mountain Kazakhstan, in the east there are horses of the East Kazakh breed. They are similar to mountain representatives, but have lower growth. This view easily finds its way through rocky terrain, easily makes its way along rocky steeps. It is said that these animals are able to intuitively find their way through mountain passes.
Interesting Facts
The Kazakh horse shown in the photo is considered the first tamed species of such animals by humans. During the Neolithic, during the period of the migration of peoples from southeastern Europe to northern Kazakhstan, tribes came who brought with them a domestic horse, a cow. This is evidenced by archaeological sites in the Pavlodar region, at the sites of Tselinnaya and Botaya.
Horses, like humans, have well-developed senses: hearing, sight, touch, taste, and smell. Animals have another feeling - increased susceptibility or intuition.
Kazakh horses are extremely devoted to a sense of duty and are not able to leave the owners, leave their offspring. During riding, a sense of balance develops, coordination improves, blood pressure and mental state normalize. It is believed that in this way you can even recover from pulmonary pathologies.
Breed productivity
The type of jabe is famous for its productivity. His slaughter yield is almost 60%, milk yield is up to 10 kilograms per day. The taste qualities of horse meat received from Kazakh horses are high. This breed is different from others whose meat has a mediocre taste.
Content
The Kazakh look is designed for large open spaces. They are raised in difficult conditions. Kazakhs were originally nomads, and they did not build stables, did not procure animal feed. Horses were kept in the open air and without any partitions.
Throughout the history of horse breeding, they were kept in the open air in free grazing. Animals themselves were looking for food. The same method is widely practiced to this day.
When breeding breed in the stables there is no need to heat the room, provide thermal insulation. The Kazakh breed is ideally suited to the most severe climatic conditions of free keeping - even in cold weather minus 30 horses feel comfortable without additional shelter.
The Adaevsky subtype is more demanding of the conditions of detention. They need protection from severe frosts.
In nutrition, horses of the Kazakh breed are not demanding. They are adapted to life in the semi-desert and desert and are happy with any feed that they get. For animals, vegetables, fruits, oats will be a real paradise. The horse will be grateful for such food.
Breed benefits
The Kazakh horse breed shown in the photo is considered to be a typical native variety, which has optimal characteristics for the area where it is grown. For horse breeders, it is not of particular interest. The breed is known in Russia only because Kazakhstan was part of the USSR for a long time. Outside the post-Soviet space, the breed is of no interest to anyone, as it does not have any outstanding characteristics. At home, the animal is valued for the following:
- Endurance. Horses can walk long distances without harming their health. This quality allows you to use them for sports. Horses cope with traction, which is why they are used by locals to transport cargo.
- Fitness for heat, cold. In the steppes of Kazakhstan it is hot in summer and cold in winter. Horses are used to these conditions. A similar feature made the animals ideal for keeping in the Far North of the Russian Federation, in the southern regions of the country.
- Unpretentiousness to the conditions of detention. It would be difficult to find a breed that could easily transfer contents throughout the year in the open. In the summer, animals graze, and in winter they are fed with hay.
- Good productivity. The Kazakh breed showed itself well among the slaughter yield and average milk yield. These animals are the main source of meat, milk.
disadvantages
The disadvantage of the breed is its low aesthetic qualities. Bred in regions where koumiss and horsemeat are common. The Kazakh horse is used to create a parent livestock. Usually, for this purpose, the species of jabe is bred, but the Adaevskaya breed is raised only where the animal is used for riding.