Sometimes in speech there are such words that consist of a set of letters or halves of words. It happens that the meaning of such words is unfamiliar. This is a whole group of tokens that exist in our language. We’ll talk about them. What is an abbreviation? We will try to find the answer to this question in the article.
Compound word
The word "abbreviation" in translation from Italian means "abbreviation". This is a special kind of compound word that requires decryption. Most often used in official business documentation, typical for many languages.
To understand what an abbreviation is, it is enough to consider at least one example in detail. Take the word MSU. At first glance, it is not clear to us. Just a set of letters. But a person who knows Russian at the level of the school curriculum will immediately say that each letter denotes a word. We decipher them: M - Moscow, G - state, U - university.
Thus, knowing the decoding, we can determine what the abbreviation means.
Acquaintance with the use of abbreviations in speech begins at school. For example, when studying biology, one can come across such abbreviations: DNA - deoxyribonucleic acid, HIV - human immunodeficiency virus, etc.
Abbreviation Methods
Complicated words sometimes indicate familiar and familiar things. They may look different, but one thing in common is that in order to correctly enter such a word into your speech, it must be deciphered and correctly coordinated in the sentence.
There are several ways to formulate such words. Let's consider them in more detail.
- Using the first few sounds of a word and connecting them together. For example, the word "divisor" was formed as follows: (com) andir (div) isii; “department store” - (department store) greasy (magician) azin, etc.
- The use of initial letters. For example, the Air Force ([vewees], air force); ORT ([Oerte], Russian Public Television).
- Using the initial sounds. When writing such abbreviations can include both uppercase and lowercase letters. For example, SMU ([smu], construction and installation management); university ([university], higher education institution).
In addition, English abbreviations are widespread in our speech. They accompany the following areas: science, medicine, fiction. Many abbreviations in the specialized literature.
Interpretation of compound words
Having studied the theoretical material, it is easy to understand what an abbreviation is. The main thing here is to learn how to apply them correctly in your speech. To do this, you need to know how to interpret such a complexly abbreviated word and then correctly coordinate it in the sentence.
For example, in the sentence, " After repairing a nuclear power plant, it increased A (g) output of electricity, " the verb has the end A. To spell it correctly, you must first decipher the word. A nuclear power plant is a nuclear power plant. The main word is "station", it is feminine.
Abbreviations with decoding will help to correctly and correctly build speech. They also allow to expand the lexicon, since such a decoding introduces new words.
In addition, abbreviations constantly sound in our speech. You need to know them, otherwise you can pass for an uneducated person. In addition, knowledge of such words will make life easier.
For example, to know where this sign leads, you need to decrypt it. LEMZ is the Lianozovsky Electromechanical Plant.
Foreign Abbreviations
Most foreign words are English abbreviations. These are abbreviations of English words. Among them, there are simple, fast-catching ones; there are also complex ones. You need to know them. They can be useful in work, while traveling, in business correspondence, in other areas of human life.
Here are some English abbreviations. They can be divided into groups:
- Literal pronunciation: BBC [bibisi] (British Broadcasting Corporation), PC [pisi] (personal computer), USA [yusei] (United States of America).
- Acronym words (formed by initial sounds): NATO [nato] (North Atlantic Alliance).
- Using the abbreviation only in writing, in a speech sounds like a full word: Mr [mister] - (mister), St [street] (street).
- The use of abbreviations in the organizational structure of the language: etc. [etsetera] (and so on), NB [enby] (note).
- Abbreviated words used in informal speech: TV [tivi] (television), Case [case] (portfolio).
If you are interested in the full version of English abbreviations and do their translation, this will contribute to the study of English. Such abbreviations with decoding also replenish the vocabulary.
Abbreviations in our life
Abbreviation words accompany us through life, starting from birth in the maternity hospital (maternity hospital), which is registered with the registry office (civil registry). After visiting the preschool educational institution (pre-school educational institution), we still go through the eleven-year journey to the Moscow School of Education and Science (municipal educational institution secondary school), where we attend classes, sports sections (sports sections), drama circles (drama circles), etc. Then we go to a university (higher education institution) or college, we receive a specialty and work at a research institute (research institute) or LLC (limited liability company). Someone opens an emergency (private enterprise) and becomes an individual entrepreneur (individual entrepreneur). We go to department stores (department stores), ZhEKs (housing maintenance office), we visit sports complexes (sports complexes), recreation centers (cultural houses), we work on a PC (personal computer). At this time, serious passions are boiling in the EU (European Union), OSCE (Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe), APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation) ...
This is just a small part of the examples demonstrating what the abbreviation is. Do not list everything. But they come across to us at every step.
The best of the best
The origin of the most common English abbreviation OK has many options: it is associated with the name of American biscuits, with the term telegraph "open key", with the initials of one of the presidents of the United States, with the affirmative answer of the Indians.
The longest abbreviation in Russia consists of 55 characters - NIIOMTPPLOBOPARMBETZHELBETRABSBORMONIMONKONOTDTEHSTROYMONT (Research Laboratory for Concrete Reinforcement Operations and Reinforced Concrete Structures for the Construction of Precast and Monolithic Structures of the Construction and Installation Directorate Department of the USSR Academy of Construction and Architecture).
The funniest abbreviation is MUSEUM LOCK (DEPUTY SEA COMMANDER).
The most ridiculous abbreviation is MUDO (Municipal Institution of Continuing Education).