According to many psychologists and sociologists, the whole human life is determined by the satisfaction of biological and social needs. They are the main foundation for our activities. The interests of man, in simple words, are conscious needs. These two elements of our psyche and behavior are the main motivational core. In this article, we describe what human needs and interests exist.
The most popular model of human needs is the pyramid of the American psychologist Abraham Maslow. This model does not cover the interests of man in all its diversity, for which he was repeatedly criticized by the scientific community, but gives a general idea of them. The basis of the foundations for our behavior is the satisfaction of
physiological needs. First of all, a person finds a roof over his head, then he searches for food and warmth. It’s good that now it goes straight to our house. This allows us to move on to other needs, namely the need for self-preservation. All living things want to live, at least at the biological level, so the need for protection in the animal, as well as the personal belief that it will live tomorrow, in humans lie at the base of the pyramid. For this, in society there are armies, police, rules of morality and etiquette.
In the middle of the pyramid there are needs for love and respect. Abilities and interests of a person in love and respect from the part of reference (desired) groups sometimes act as destructive behavior, starting from depressive “self-digging” and ending with suicide. Everyone satisfies these needs in a loved one, family, friendship and work. Animals, no matter how romantic the situation the writers and writers, do not have the needs of this level.
So, a person is full, he lives in warmth and safety, he is loved and respected by certain people. The time has come to develop further, and there is no better soil for a jump up. Therefore, human interests are extended further - into the sphere of knowledge. Cognitive needs are the fifth step in the pyramid. A man acts as a researcher, as an argonaut in the search for knowledge and skills.
Human interests do not end there, the last steps are aesthetic needs and the need for self-actualization. If the former can be satisfied with the help of art - cinema, music, literature, then the latter require the achievement of goals, the development of personality in various fields.
According to Abraham Maslow, a person gradually moves from the base of the pyramid to its top. Although other scientists note that a person can be quite satisfied being at the same level for a long time - for example, finding love and satisfying his sexual needs. The interests of a person on this can simply run dry, thereby he will not be motivated to move up.
In conclusion, we note that interest is by satisfying one's own needs. As a rule, interest is objective and does not depend on a specific human consciousness, since the person himself takes from the culture of solving problems, satisfying needs. A vivid example are the methods of treating diseases. A man borrows them, satisfying his need for treatment and self-preservation.