There has long been an opinion, however, quite justified, that planting grapes in Siberia is an ungrateful occupation. And there are many reasons for this. The grapes often froze in the winter, and if they survived it, then the return frosts that came in the spring destroyed blooming shoots and buds. The same can be said about the fragile summer growth. He was exposed to early autumn frosts, weakened and ceased to bear fruit. And then it easily froze out in the snowless winter. The inexperience of gardeners also reinforced the belief that Siberia and grapes are incompatible concepts. They used “southern” agricultural technology for its cultivation, which turned out to be unsuitable in the harsh Siberian climate.
Therefore, grape planting in Siberia should be made according to its own special technology. Here, the first thing to do is to choose the right place where it will grow. For this, a sunny, windproof area is suitable. Also, many Siberian gardeners plant it near the walls of buildings, tight barriers or outbuildings. In this case, the rows of grapes should be located from east to west, and the trellis is made single-plane. And if an open place is chosen for landing, then it becomes a V-shaped, located from south to north. As for the soil, this culture is undemanding to it. However, it is undesirable to plant it on saline lands and on those where groundwater is high.
To grow this crop in a permanent place, seedlings will be required. They are taken in special nurseries, in which the grapes are planted with cuttings. In Siberia, he already in December ends the phase of deep dormancy, after which you can sprout seedlings. Usually this process begins after January 20, when the day is getting longer. This allows less time to apply artificial lighting in the plant. For 3-4 months, with the use of shredders, germinators and greenhouses, grapes undergo a vegetative period, after which its seedlings will be ready for use in May.
In the open ground, grape planting in Siberia can occur in several ways. To do this, round pits are suitable, which have a depth of 1-1.2 meters and a diameter of 0.8-1 meters, or trenches with a width and depth of 1 meter. Also, before planting, black soil, humus, mineral top dressing with the addition of micronutrient fertilizers are prepared for filling them. The bottom of the dug hole is covered with humus, which is mixed with soil taken from the upper layers, and a mixture of mineral fertilizers (from 0.5 to 1 kilogram per hole). Then all this is mixed. Again put humus, earth and fertilizer, but in a smaller dose - a tablespoon on a bucket of soil. Then everything is mixed again and the whole process is repeated again until the pit is completely filled. Also, this soil mixture needs to be stamped several times with your feet. It is best to cook these pits in advance, since the fall, so that the earth has time to condense.
In April-May, grapes are planted directly in Siberia. To do this, dig a hole for a seedling in the middle of the landing pit. Its depth should be such that it completely fits with the roots in it, and there is still some distance from its head to the end of the recess. For non-winter-hardy root-bearing seedlings, it is 20-30 centimeters, and for vaccinated and winter-hardy seedlings, it is 10-15 centimeters. A small mound is made at the bottom of the fossa. A seedling is placed on it. At the same time, the roots are straightened along its slope. Fall asleep with earth. Then each seedling is watered (1-2 buckets). Caring for grapes in Siberia also requires a special approach.