In agriculture , the most diverse technique is used, both wide and narrow application. Moreover, some of its species work year-round, while others most of the time are idle in hangars. But farmers cannot do without this and that technique. So, for example, in strada on the field, you can see a combine harvester, which in our time does the work of a dozen mowers. And it is a very complex grain harvesting machine that continuously flows and sequentially performs several operations. The harvester cuts the cereals, feeds them to the threshing machine and mills the grain from the ears. Then he separates it from straw and other impurities and transports it to the bunker. And from it already from time to time or even continuously mechanically unloads grain to another vehicle.
In principle, a combine harvester replaces three simpler machines at once - a header, a fan and a thresher. And to it you can cling to additional nodes that allow you to clean various crops. And the United States is the birthplace of this miracle of technology. As early as 1828, the inventor S. Lane patented a sophisticated combined cereal harvesting machine. She had to cut the grain plant, thresh it, and also peel the grain. But it was never built. And in 1836, two inventors from the same America already mounted something similar to a combine harvester. It looked like a 4-wheeled wagon. And the rotation of the drive of the cutting apparatus and the threshing drum was carried out by transmission from the rear axle.
But the harvester, structurally reminiscent of modern models, was obtained in 1836 by two other inventors - J. Hascall and H. Moore. And this machine already in 1854 harvested 600 acres of bread. Then gradually the combine harvester improved more and more along with the development of technology. And in Russia, the first such car manufactured by Holt was brought in 1913. It was a wooden structure on a caterpillar track. She had a gasoline engine, which simultaneously actuated mechanisms for cleaning and for movement. But they did not manage to use this combine, since the war soon began.
And under the USSR, they returned to the harvesters again. First, they were imported from the United States, while simultaneously setting up their production. And in 1930, the first combine harvester, the price of which corresponded to the work of many people, left the gates of the Zaporizhzhya Kommunar plant. And by the end of that year, factory workers had already produced 347 such machines. A year later, the Rostov plant “Rostselmash” began to produce the famous “Stalinists”. And in 1932, the production of combines was launched in Saratov at the Shelbodaev plant. These models were far from perfect, but they helped the villagers thoroughly. And after the war, the Union conducted serious scientific research, which resulted in the SK-5 and SK-6 models. Then, since 1970, the Taganrog Plant began to produce the Kolos or SK-6-ll combine harvester, and Rostselmash - the Niva SK-5.
And these machines for a long time plowed the fields of the Soviet Union, and then of independent states. And now they have been replaced by more modern models, such as the Polesye combine harvester KZS-812-16. It is a compact and maneuverable machine, which has a throughput of more than 8 kg / s. It is capable of producing over 12 tons of grain per hour. This machine belongs to the type of combines that have already received widespread recognition. They have one threshing drum, beater and keyboard straw walker. And this Polesie combine harvester includes a grain header ZhZK-6-5 and a self-propelled thresher of the KZK-8-0100000 model.