Fire has been used by people since ancient times, but it is not always possible to restrain it within a limited framework. But the flame is considered an element, which is sometimes difficult to stop. To ensure safety, an automatic fire extinguishing system is used. At the same time, there are several types of such equipment, which has its own characteristics.
Automatic fire extinguishing system - sophisticated multi-level equipment. Its work will be effective if important elements correctly interact: smoke sensors and temperature sensors, fire detectors.
Destination
Fire alarm and fire extinguishing systems independently monitor the condition of a certain territory. If a hot spot or a slight risk of fire is detected, the equipment sends information to the control panel using various sensors and automatically extinguishes in a short time.
Systems have become popular because of their versatility and uniqueness. They are necessary for safety in organizations and industries.
Specifications
The fire extinguishing system includes a whole complex: monitoring of sensors, temperature, the inclusion of light alarms and sound notifications, automatic fire extinguishing. The main advantage of the complex is the timely detection of fire and the possibility of its occurrence after pressing the fire alarm button. The extinguishing agent is water, foam solutions, powder components and gases: argon, nitrogen, inert gases.
Installation of fire extinguishing systems involves a preliminary acquaintance with the types of equipment, their characteristics, pluses and minuses. It is also important to know the principles of functioning of specific objects. After a thorough study of the information, it will turn out to choose the right system.
Automatic water extinguishing
This fire extinguishing system is considered the most effective and safe. Most fires are eliminated with this installation. But it has its drawbacks: operation is associated with large expenses for the acquisition of water, because it should be enough to extinguish a fire. Stocks of liquid are in special tanks and structures, stations. Often it is necessary to create the remaining capital engineering structures.
The minus of the water system is the risk of harm to material assets, the room. These disadvantages can be eliminated if a special technology for eliminating fires with finely dispersed water is used. Then there will be a more rational flow of liquid and an artificial reduction in the size of the drops. Usually, when extinguishing, only 30% of the total volume of water is used to eliminate the fire, and the rest is wasted.
When extinguishing with finely dispersed water , a water fog appears, which has penetrating and cooling functions. The technology allows you to reliably eliminate fire with an economical flow of water.
Automatic gas fire extinguishing
An automatic fire extinguishing system is used to identify areas of fire, quick notification of a fire and its elimination with fire extinguishing gas. This method protects equipment from corrosion. After the operation of this system, you only need to ventilate the room.
The units are resistant to different temperatures, and their installation is needed in those buildings where live electrical equipment is located. The operation of the fire extinguishing system is carried out with the help of the receipt of non-combustible gas in the ignition area. The elimination option is locally-voluminous and simply voluminous.
Automatic Powder Extinguishing
According to fire safety rules , these systems are installed in public, administrative buildings, warehouses, and production facilities. Fire suppression is performed due to the rapid supply of finely divided, non-toxic powder substance to the ignition area.
Such technology is considered convenient and affordable. At the same time, harm to the room and equipment is excluded, which is an advantage of the method. The consequences are eliminated by cleaning the premises. The disadvantage is a short shelf life.
Design and installation
The installation of fire extinguishing systems according to GOST standards is presented in the form of an integrated system of technical means for the rapid localization of fire by fire extinguishing components. The installations include tanks and devices with a fire extinguishing agent. There is also a pipeline, sprayers, control and monitoring functions.
Installation is a costly step, so it is performed after design. The last event is based on the following objectives:
- Installations should be modular, connected to separate units to improve system performance.
- Functionality is achieved using the presence of wireless Wi-Fi connection, which eliminates the failure of the fire extinguishing installation when a low-voltage line is cut.
- Installations should have several autonomous power supplies.
- In areas of risk of fire, there must be powder or aerosol systems.
Design depends on the area of the volume, the condition of the materials located on its territory, the availability of personnel and the category of the room. Maintenance of fire extinguishing systems - a set of work carried out periodically for trouble-free and long-term operation of communications and reduce energy costs.
Selection rules
For the equipment to work efficiently, it is necessary to carefully approach the issue of its choice. It is important to consider the substance used in it. It should be appropriate to the specifics of the object. The equipment must eliminate the fire in the room before it is dangerous.
It is important that there is no risk of destruction of installations, as well as great damage to property. It is necessary to take into account capital investments, maintenance costs, repairs. The system must be efficient, safe, and also with the ability to preserve material values. The gas method meets these criteria. High-quality fire extinguishing equipment is necessary for various rooms, since it ensures the safety of people and property.