Morphology is a science that studies parts of speech. Consequently, morphological analysis allows us to understand the essence of the grammatical features of words or entire sentences.
So, as you know, in the Russian language all parts of speech are divided into two large groups: independent and official. The functions of each group can be understood thanks to the name: the
independent parts of speech can act as a separate element of speech, or enter into momentum, while the
official ones only help the independent clarify the meaning of what was said. Thus, morphological analysis also has its own structure for different groups of parts of speech. Let's start with the first group.
To correctly parse a word, you need to know what signs each part of speech has. It is worth noting that to start the analysis, any word must be put in its initial form.
So, to parse a noun, it will be necessary to determine the gender, declension, case, or number, the proper / common form, and the animate / inanimate.
For a verb - type, conjugation, form of the verb, time / number, person, transitivity, recurrence. For adjectives, you will need to determine their relativity (adjectives are of the form: qualitative / relative / possessive), form (short / complete), case, number / gender, as well as the degree of comparison.
For numerals, it will be enough to determine the complexity, type - ordinal / quantitative, and also case / gender / number. A morphological analysis of adverbs will require knowledge of the categories - personal / possessive / relative / definitive / interrogative / reflexive / indicative / negative, variability, degrees of comparison. These discharges cause great complexity. Morphological analysis of the pronoun word also requires the definition of categories, person, number / gender and case. For participles, the characteristic signs will be the type - real / passive, the form - full / short, as well as the type, number / gender / time. And for the participles it will only be necessary to determine the immutability and appearance.
As for the service parts of speech, the morphological analysis scheme is the same for them: first you need to name the part of speech, then determine with which case it is used - for an excuse, discharge - for particles, and also the type - composing / subordinate for unions, the last paragraph in parsing will be which member of the sentence is part of the speech.
Morphological analysis of the text provides for the understanding of the text, the identification of its structural features, the correct definition of the type of speech - narration / reasoning / description, and writing style - book / conversational / scientific.
Morphological analysis helps to identify all the grammatical features proposed for parsing the word. Knowing the types, categories and other signs of each part of speech allows you to do this easily and quickly. Frequent training exercises will help students develop skills in identifying parts of speech. This is very important, since at the Unified State Examination such tasks cause great difficulty for graduates.