The verb that most often appears in the sentence as a predicate is an exclusively independent part of speech. It denotes the action or condition of the subject. Spring is coming, it is warm.
Verb Rules
All verbs have an initial (infinitive, indefinite) form. You can distinguish it by the endings -t, -t, these words also answer the questions "what to do", "what to do." In a sentence, it most often acts as a predicate or part of it and is subject, but can fulfill the roles of other members.
We want to see new textbooks.
To see is to look with the soul.
She loved to look at the stars.
If the question “what to do” can be asked to the verb, then it refers to the perfect form (to rejoice, to be silent) . When the question “what to do” can be asked to him, this is an imperfect verb (to be glad, to be silent). Sometimes two-type verbs are also found , they can refer either to one or to another species, depending on the context.
I explored the basement yesterday. (perfect view).
I already explored the basement. (imperfect species).
Reflexive verbs mean an action that is directed at oneself. They are formed with the help of postfixes -sya, -tya (play, bite). All other verbs (play, bite) are called irrevocable.
The predicates, connecting with other parts of the sentence in the form of an accusative case without the use of an excuse, relate to transitional verbs (wash a mug, call mom). The category of transition includes those that cannot be combined without additional parts of speech (fly, lie). This group also includes all verbs of the return form (wash, clean).
Verb spelling
In sentences, according to the rules of verbs, they can refer to one of the three moods. In the form of indicative - verbs can be changed in tenses (we lived, we live, we will live), numbers (washing, washing), persons (I repeat, you repeat, he repeats). If the execution of an action requires compliance with certain rules, then these predicates are conditional (If it would be convenient for everyone, I would come up). This form would be formed in particles, b (would have looked, could b) and can vary in childbirth and numbers. Of particular note is the imperative look of the predicates, which can cause, induce, call for action ( Come to me!). Verbs of this mood can change in faces and numbers.
According to the rules of verbs, in the past tense they mean an action that has already occurred / has occurred (I bought things myself). Also, they cannot change their personal form. To the predicate of the present tense we can substitute the question “what does” (He buys things.). Perfect verbs are not used in the present tense. There are two forms in the rules of future tense verbs: compound (with an additional word will be ) and simple (one-word). Accordingly, you can ask different questions: “what will you do” (You yourself will buy things.); "What will you do" (You will buy things yourself).
Change verbs
The change of the predicates in the person and number is explained by their conjugations. They appear exclusively in indicative form and undoubtedly in the form of the present or future tense.
For the singular form, personal verbs change as follows :
- 1 face - I open. I like.
- 2 face - You open. You love.
- 3rd person - He opens. He loves.
For the plural form, personal verbs change like this:
- 1 person - We discover. We love.
- 2 face - you open. You love.
- 3rd person - They open. They love.
If it is possible to put personal endings under stress, the type of conjugation can be defined as
- -e changes to -u (s) - 1 watch-watch conjugation;
- -and changes to -a - 2 conjugation rings-rings.
In other cases, the suffix in the initial form determines the conjugation:
- 2 conjugation (s) (paint) and special exceptions;
- 1 conjugation includes the remaining verbs -a (t), -i (t), -y (t), -e (t), -y (t), -o (t) ( want, know );
- There are 4 exception words: to swell, build up, shave and lay, and formed from them.
Words without the suffixes mentioned are live, beat.
There are also such verbs that change both as the first conjugation and as the second.
Units number:
- 1 person - I will run. I will want.
- 2 face - You will run. You want to.
- 3rd person - He will run. He will want to.
Mn number:
- 1 person - We will run. We will want to.
- 2 face - you will run. You want to.
- 3rd person - They will run. They will want to.
The exception verb squeamish has only 3 person forms in the singular or plural section ( squeamish - squeamish ).
Words are there and give and derivatives of them are exceptions and form special personal forms.
Impersonal verbs
In some places, impersonal verbs come across. These include words denoting a passive predicate that occurs without the participation of the subject (it gets darker, darker).
The main attribute with which it is possible to determine the impersonality of a regular verb is its immutability in numbers and persons. Most often, these types of verbs appear in the form of predicates in simple single-compound sentences. For the present tense form, 3 persons and only singular are used, and in the past - as a singular and a middle gender.
Ordinary verbs are sometimes used to replace impersonal ones if they appear as a single predicate sentence.
- The sky brightened - a personal verb.
- Outside the window brightened - impersonal.
Some important rules
The competent spelling of verbs and vowels in the present tense or forms of the simple future depends on conjugation:
- 1 conjugation - it uses the endings -th, -th (s) forgets, forget;
- 2 conjugation - it is worth putting the endings -and (s) paints, paints.
- For the imperative mood of the second person, the verbs of both conjugations use the suffix -i ( We go home. - Go home.);
- In the case of the elapsed time: the suffix -l is preceded by the same letter as in the infinitive front -t ( paint - painted, whistle - whistled );
- If there is obes- / des-: transitional - the suffix - is written ( provided “whom?” “What?” ); intransitive - used --- ( concerned );
- To freeze, to freeze, to blood and similar verbs formed from a noun are written with a vowel -– after the root (in the suffix of the verb) ;
- In the infinitive, in the case of past forms, -ova-, -eva- are written, in the same case when the present or simple future tense and singular are selected, the first person spelling form has the suffixes -u (s), -u (y ) (alternate - alternate, conquer - conquer).
If alternation does not occur, suffixes -yva-, -iva- are used; (re-read - re-read, redraw - redraw).
If there is an ending -wail, -wail under stress and the suffix -wa, then according to the rules of the Russian language, the verb before the suffix has the same letter as in the initial form (water - water – water).
Conclusion
These few simple rules and examples will help you remember how to use verbs when writing. Of course, in order to study all the norms and exceptions, more in-depth research will be needed. However, for writing more or less simple texts that do not claim to be published in magazines and newspapers, this will be quite enough.