It would seem that not so long ago the presence of any company in the market depended only on commodity circulation. But today, the position of the enterprise is also affected by the way consumers, municipal and state authorities, the media, shareholders and so on perceive its activities. Each past year shows that the need for cooperation with these groups is perceived by the market as an important coordination task. Transformations of this kind are reflected in the new term - "stakeholder management". Further in the article we will analyze this definition in more detail .
Terminology
Consider the concept of stakeholders. There is a certain group of persons or organizations that invest their resources, capital in a company. In addition, they contribute to the growth of purchasing power, the dissemination of information about the company and so on. A stakeholder is a person (legal or physical) that has certain interests, rights or requirements. They are presented and directed in relation to the system and its properties. This is the general meaning of the word stakeholder. In other words, there is a management of relations between interested parties. In today's world, stakeholders are organizations or groups of individuals that are fundamental to the success of any organization.
Classification
You can also say that a stakeholder is an organization (individual) that has a direct impact on the system. As such, classification of groups does not exist, but the most common examples can be given. The following groups can be distinguished:
- Buyer (acquirer). Here, a stakeholder is an individual or organization that purchases a product (service) from a contractor. The purchaser is represented by the customer, wholesaler or owner.
- Client. A person (legal or physical) purchasing a product (service).
- The supplier. In this case, we mean the party with which the contract for the supply of a product (service) is concluded.
- Manufacturer. This is the person responsible for the performance of work that should meet the needs of the user.
- Consumer. This is a person (group of persons) who benefits from the operation of a product (service).
- Accompanying party. A person (physical or legal) providing goods support services.
- Liquidator. A person (legal or physical) who is involved in the seizure and cancellation of the system in question, as well as all services associated with it.
- Inspector. A person who verifies compliance with the required standards when commissioning the system.
- Regulatory authority. A person (physical or legal) who checks the system during operation for compliance with requirements.
- Creator. A person who is engaged in the creation of projects, testing of goods (services), and also performs the main tasks of development.
Identification
As you can see, each system consists of certain stages. This is the development of the project, its production and implementation, operation and subsequent liquidation. Each stage is served by a specific category of stakeholders. They have their own interest in the newly created system. Concrete actions are needed to accurately identify and approve the entire set of stakeholder needs.
Quality control
Stakeholders without fail establish in each project various goals to achieve high quality products. Subsequently, the organization undertakes to carry out audits to ensure it in accordance with the approved plan. The purpose of such events is to identify at all stages of development all the necessary nuances to ensure proper product development. This, in turn, allows you to achieve high quality products (goods).
Management of risks
A stakeholder is a company with a certain interest in the system in terms of risk management. The constituent parts of this process include a description of the categories, technical and coordination tasks, as well as all limitations and assumptions. In addition, it is necessary to create and constantly maintain a risk profile, which indicates the importance of each type separately. All these points must be documented and formalized without fail. The criteria are determined by the importance that the stakeholders themselves establish. Keep in mind that the risk profile may change periodically. All information about deviations must be provided to stakeholders. In turn, they conduct an analysis of possible risks. If necessary, they also decide what actions to take to optimize the process. If the stakeholders accept the risk with the maximum value, then it should be constantly monitored in order to determine the necessary possible actions in the future.