Practically from elementary school, students perform such creative work as presentation in the Russian language lessons. A statement is a transfer of information contained in a text that a student reads or listens to. This work is aimed at understanding the text heard or read by students, and the transmission of its content and meaning. In the presentation, the student must preserve both the style of the source and its features. Such work is needed in order to develop spelling and styling skills.
How to work on the presentation
Usually the teacher reads the text for presentation two or three times or gives it for a while in print. When working on the text, you need to highlight the main idea, fix the keywords, determine the microthemes and the number of paragraphs. After the first reading, you should consider the topic of the text and the main idea that the author wanted to convey to us. We also determine the style and means of the language that were used. After this, the teacher reads the text a second time, and the students begin to work on the retelling. First write a draft version, then you will need to correct it and check your work for spelling and punctuation errors. After that, you can work on the finishing option. A presentation is a creative work, which sometimes happens with a creative task: you need to either give a name to the text, that is, title it, or answer a question and write your attitude to the problem raised by the author in it.
What are the types of statements
The presentation may be concise, detailed or selective. Detailed helps students in memory training, teaches you to pay attention to details and remember the sequence of presentation. A concise presentation teaches to highlight important points in the text, to outline briefly and be able to shorten the text. In selective, you do not need to retell the entire text. The language of presentation is simpler than descriptive. Usually you need to find information related to one of the characters or with a specific topic.
Speech division
The presentation is also divided into different types according to the type of speech. In the narrative, first of all, it is necessary to correctly state the sequence of events. In a narrative that is more complex, the meaning of the text is more difficult to assimilate. In addition, when working with him, it is required to actively use artistic and expressive means when retelling. In the discussion, you need to be able to isolate the main theses of the text for presentation and convey them during retelling, arguing and logically building sentences.
What you should pay special attention to
If the work is on the narrative type, then, as a rule, this is a plot, and it contains information about events that occur in a certain sequence. The main mistakes in the presentation are the same information, repeated several times, and the frequent use of synonyms. A good text does not require unnecessary repetitions and needs the correct use of verb forms. In the plot text, the main thing is to find the main idea, for which you should pay attention to the title. Then break the read material into microthemes, and in each of them find the main idea.
Think about whether this text contains information that cannot be omitted? What details can you do without? How to summarize the main idea of each paragraph? How does the author relate to the characters, and in what words does this manifest? Work on descriptive text is considered the most difficult. The student is required to present a picture in his imagination, mentally draw a portrait of a person or object. In this statement, it is important to pay attention to every detail. Pay attention to what particular details and nuances the author gives you to describe the subject, how the description elements are related, what artistic and linguistic means he uses to achieve an accurate description.
How to work on presentation reasoning
In order to qualitatively perform such work, it is important to be able to understand and convey not only the thoughts of the author, but also analyze them and express their opinion. When working on the presentation, first clarify the main idea, highlight the paragraphs, think about your attitude to the problem raised by the author in the text, express your attitude to it and argue it. Presentation is a work that provides an opportunity to express your thoughts.
Presentation in the OGE on the Russian language
The work on the presentation is very important, and it must be implemented from the elementary grades. The program of state final certification in the Russian language for ninth graders offers as the first part of the exam to write a summary of the heard text and thereby demonstrate their ability to compress information, without missing important points. Work on a concise presentation is considered by many to be difficult. But in fact, having learned the techniques of text compression, you can perform it for the highest score. Texts for OGE statements can be found on the FIPI website, where they are specially laid out to prepare for the exam.
How is the presentation on the OGE in the Russian language? The teacher who coordinates the exam includes an audio recording on which the speaker reads the text in a well-set voice. After 3-5 minutes, the teacher turns it on again. What should the student do when they listen to them for the first time? Highlight the main idea, write down the keywords and try to immediately break the text into paragraphs. In the interval between listening, write down everything that was deposited in your memory. The texts for the OGE usually have 3-4 paragraphs. Each has its own microtherm and complete thought. The most important thing is to correctly identify them, omitting unnecessary details. After the text is written, you can start the methods of compression. The requirements stated that it is enough to apply two methods to get the highest score. The easiest ways to shorten the text: generalization of homogeneous members in one word, reduction of simple sentences by turning them into complex, removing introductory words and constructions.