The heating flat element is a heater made of plates of different material. They are made of a specific shape, each of which serves to heat flat parts. The flat heating element in its design resembles a rubber wire attached to a special housing. It can be made of metal, ceramic or micanite. This device works from a simple power supply network with a voltage of 220 V. With the help of electricity, the rubber wire is heated. Then it transfers its heat to the heating flat element. This scheme is used for the production of heating appliances.
Production of flat heating elements
In the manufacture of various equipment, there is a need to heat water, air or solid metal elements. To do this, it is necessary to convert thermal energy into its other form, that is, into electrical, nuclear, energy from sound waves, etc.
For these purposes, various devices are used. It is best to use flat heating elements for surfaces. They are universal and able to translate into all types of energy.
As mentioned earlier, a rubber wire or tape is used as the heating element. Such heaters are not enclosed in a sealed enclosure, but give off heat directly. Wire and tape are made from materials that have high resistance and low temperature coefficient.
During production, the electric current must interact well with the wire. To increase its conductivity, conductive paste is used. It is applied to a special substrate.
Today, many companies produce a flat heating element made of ceramics, metal, as well as film. They are made of a certain geometric shape. The flexible flat heating element should have a thickness in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 mm. Metal and ceramic products have a thickness greater than the previous view, it ranges from 1 to 3 mm.
Conductive paste is applied to the substrate according to a special pattern.
It is located along the circuit of an electric circuit, which is reliably protected from various factors.
Using this technology, conductive paste can be applied to any surface. After that, a film 200 microns thick is formed on the surface of the plate. As a rule, designers make multilayer structures that are used in various heating devices. Radiated heat flux heats the room in a short time, while less energy is wasted when compared with other devices. This is due to the conductive paste, which is applied to the heating flat element in several layers. The heat is distributed evenly thanks to a quality contour pattern.
Features of heating elements
Flat heating elements can solve many technical problems. They are made in various sizes and geometric shapes, making them easy to install on any surface. Despite the fact that this design has a small capacity, it is able to quickly and evenly provide heat transfer. In the manufacturing process, it is allowed to produce heating elements of the same geometric shape, but they must have different power, as well as the ability to distributed load. Such devices are used in the case when it is necessary to maintain specific temperature indicators of the working surface.
One of the features of this device is its low thermal mass, due to which a rapid temperature change occurs. Setting the temperature regime, as well as changing its performance occurs using a special switch.
When you turn the toggle switch, the heating element reacts to the change and sets the desired temperature. It remains unchanged for a long time. A flat ceramic heating element transfers the generated heat to another surface without any special obstacles. This technological feature has become popular, so the mass production of heaters has been launched.
In conventional heating devices , heat is transferred using a special insulator. A certain amount of generated energy is absorbed. The consequence of this is a reduced efficiency of the heating device. Flat silicone heating elements do not interfere with heat transfer, i.e. the process takes place directly. That is why electricity is saved. Such heating devices have a low cost.
The element itself has small overall dimensions and light weight, so it is easily hidden in the main equipment.
Thus, the space becomes larger, and additional equipment can be placed in it.
Specifications
Flat heating elements have the following characteristics:
- supply voltage;
- resistance of the surface resistive layer;
- breakdown voltage ;
- variable resistance during operation;
- power;
- working temperature.
Parameters
Possible options:
- Flat heaters radiate uniform heat to another surface, while the temperature drops are minimal.
- Low inertia is provided due to the lack of thermal insulation, that is, heat is transmitted directly.
- In the manufacturing process, it is possible to obtain a heating element having various capacities and geometric shapes.
- Dissipation power reaches 40 W / cm2.
- The heating temperature on the metal reaches 450 º, and on the film - 90 º.
- The equipment is resistant to large temperature differences.
Positive sides
Among the advantages are the following:
- low power consumption;
- small overall dimensions and weight;
- the presence of an element that repeats the features of the heated surface, which significantly reduces heat loss;
- with the same consumption of thermal energy, the device works both for production purposes and for domestic.
What is the benefit?
First of all, such a design quickly pays off, since the device consumes less electricity than standard devices.
In the manufacture of one unit of the heating element, less money is spent. It is worth noting that the finished equipment is of high quality.
Application
Flat heating elements are used in such industries:
- for the manufacture of various devices that provide fast and uniform heating;
- in the automotive industry - for appliances that heat glass, as well as those that operate at freezing temperatures, etc.
Flat and flexible heaters satisfy all people's requirements.
Kettle heating element
In this device, it is an important device. The speed of boiling water, as well as the degree of noise, depends on it. Two types of devices are used here: open spiral and disk.
In models with an open heating element, water is in contact with the spiral. Such models almost do not make noise, but their cost is high. The main requirements for work - that the water completely covers the spiral. Otherwise, the device will quickly fail. In addition, scale forms on the spiral, which must be periodically cleaned. Such models of devices are quite rare.
A flat heating element for a kettle is often located in its lower part. Such items are disk-shaped. So, a large area of contact with water is formed, and it boils faster. Unlike the spiral view, here you can adjust the volume of water yourself. Here it is not necessary that the kettle is poured to a certain extent. Electricity is supplied through a special stand. The kettle on it can rotate 360 degrees.
Another positive feature is the ease of descaling. Since the heating element is disc-shaped, it can be easily wiped.
Reviews
Many people use appliances with a flat heating element.
The simplest of these is a kettle. Products of such models are popular because they heat water in a short period of time. In addition, due to the convenient disk element, the element is easily cleaned of scale, which significantly exceeds its analogues. The only negative point is the noise that is made during operation. However, at this point, many turn a blind eye.
How to make a flat heating element with your own hands
In a short period of time, you can make this device yourself. As it may be a device for heating water. To do this, take two thin plates. Usually use blades. It is not recommended to use plates made of copper, as they can poison water. A match is placed between the two blades. It is very important that they do not touch each other. Each of them joins a copper wire. It is not necessary to isolate it. When working with such a device, you should adhere to some rules:
- Before starting work, the device is immersed in water first, and then it is connected to the network;
- Do not heat salt water, as a short circuit may occur;
- Do not touch water during heating.
Such a device is most often used in cottages or soldiers in the army.
Conclusion
Flat heating elements are new equipment that satisfies all customer requirements.
First of all, this applies to power indicators, as well as the uniformity of the distribution of heat over the surface. Such elements have small overall dimensions and weight, which allows you to spend space on the placement of additional devices. Many users note resistance to vibration and large temperature differences. An important positive feature is the low power consumption.
So, we found out what a flat heating element is, where it is used and how to make it with our own hands.