Perhaps the most popular and favorite vegetable can be called a tomato. It is grown in almost every household plot. Bred a huge number of different varieties of this culture. There are intended for cultivation under film shelters, in the open ground and on balconies. Today we want to introduce you to Chukhloma tomato - a description of the variety, its pros and cons, and planting rules can be found later in the article.
About grade
Chukhloma refers to indeterminate varieties that can grow up to two or more meters in height. When grown in a greenhouse, this should be considered. When planting in small greenhouses and greenhouses, the growth of tomatoes will be limited, which will ultimately affect their productivity. This variety is not suitable for growing on the balcony.
Characterization of Chukhloma tomato
This vegetable crop belongs to the mid-ripening variety, ripening occurs on 110-115 days. Chuhloma variety is intended for planting both in open ground and under film shelters. In the latter case, it will be necessary to make a rather bulky design, since the bushes are quite large. Tomato Chukhloma is characterized by high productivity. Long brushes are formed on the bushes, on which 12-15 fruits are formed, each weighing 100-120 g. If you follow all the necessary rules of agricultural technology, then from one bush you can get up to 6 kg of unusually tasty and beautiful fruits.
Fruit
Tomatoes of the Chukhloma variety have fruits of a bright orange hue. In length, they reach 10-12 cm, have a banana shape, fleshy pulp and strong skin. A feature of the variety is that the tomatoes hold pretty tightly on the brush. Thanks to these characteristics, they are used for whole-canning and for trading purposes, as stated in numerous reviews. Another advantage of Chukhloma tomatoes is its good transportability, in addition, they can be perfectly stored for quite a long time.
Advantages and disadvantages
Based on the description of the variety, we can conclude that Chukhloma tomatoes have quite a few advantages. That is why they are very popular among farmers and amateur growers. What are these advantages? We highlight the following:
- high productivity;
- the variety is suitable for cultivation in different climatic zones;
- has immunity to cladosporiosis, fusarium;
- It has excellent transportability and keeping quality.
Of the shortcomings, only the following can be distinguished: bushes are too tall, which is why they should be regularly and very reliably fixed. In regions where strong winds prevail, Chukhloma tomato is best grown in greenhouses.
Growing rules
In any case, it is supposed to be grown in a greenhouse or in open ground, it is more advisable to plant a crop through seedlings.
In order to get a high crop of tomatoes, you should follow the technology of seed germination. They are recommended to be sown in mid-March. But first you need to prepare fertile soil, for this it is recommended to mix in equal proportions humus, soddy soil and peat. Sow seeds in shallow drawers with a height of not more than 5-7 cm. Before planting, the soil should be properly moistened. Small grooves are made in the ground with a depth of 1 cm at a distance of 3-4 cm from each other. Seeds should be laid in increments of 1.5-2 cm. Sprinkle with grooves on top of the grooves. The containers with crops are covered with film or glass and placed in a warm place. As the soil dries, it is abundantly irrigated. If mold suddenly forms on the surface of the soil, it should be removed and the earth treated with potassium permanganate.
Seedling Care
After the appearance of sprouts, seedlings are set in the most illuminated place. Experienced vegetable growers recommend the first two or three days for the shoots to create round-the-clock lighting.
As soon as the first true leaves appear at tomato Chukhloma, seedlings are dived into separate containers. Plants should be provided for a month with a stable temperature in the range of +23 ... + 24 ° . Then they begin to harden the plants: for this, the temperature is gradually reduced by one or two degrees. 2 weeks before the proposed planting seedlings, you should begin to take it out into the open air, first for a short time, gradually increase the time.
How to plant tomatoes
In open ground, seedlings should be planted when warm favorable days are established. Since this tomato variety is indeterminate, trellises must be installed before planting to tie seedlings. You should choose poles with a height of about 2.5 m. The options for supports can be very diverse: rows of wire, plastic mesh or individual stakes.
In order to prevent the infection of this vegetable crop with a fungus, plants such as peppers, eggplant, potatoes cannot be the precursors of tomatoes grown in open ground. How to plant seedlings? Tomato bushes are planted at a distance of 45-55 cm from each other, leaving a row spacing of 70-80 cm. When planting, a furrow should be formed for the seedlings, thanks to this, the plants will be better moistened, and later, when hilling, the grown plants will grow on the crest. Such a planting will prevent the stems from getting wet during watering, in addition, it will become a good prevention of disease prevention.
Watering
Tomato varieties Chukhloma, as well as the rest, should be watered exclusively under the root. Indeterminate varieties are particularly sensitive to moisture. In the event that watering is insufficient, the yield will decrease, and the fruits will become much smaller. For longer retention of moisture in the soil, mulching should be used.
Fertilizer application
Tomato responds well to various types of top dressing, however, an excess of these can be harmful. This is just the case when it is better to underfeed than to overfeed. The first dressing should be done a week and a half after the transplant. Special water-soluble mineral mixtures are best suited for this purpose. It is advisable to introduce such top dressing in the soil during irrigation, and then mulch the soil.
Immediately after the fruits are tied on the second brush, plants should be fed a second time. Do this as follows: on 10 liters of organic infusion add one large spoon of mineral top dressing. 2 liters of solution should be poured under each bush.
The third (last) top dressing is carried out immediately after the appearance of the first mature fruits. You can use the following composition: organic + inorganic. Each plant should take 2-2.5 liters. Please note: if there is too much green mass on the plants, and they bloom modestly, it is necessary to abandon nitrogen fertilizers, and increase the phosphorus dose.
Blight prevention
Chukhloma tomato has a strong immunity to most nightshade diseases. In order to protect the vegetable crop from late blight, preventive measures should be taken. It should be noted that this fungal disease affects the bushes after heavy rains, which occur in the middle of the summer season. It develops at low temperatures and high humidity. Blight affects all parts of the plant, including the fruit. It can be recognized by the presence of grayish-white spots. For prevention, it is recommended to carry out the following activities:
- Do not plant tomatoes next to other plants in the nightshade family;
- when growing in a greenhouse, it is mandatory to ventilate it without condensation;
- regularly weed the ground and pinch the plant;
- process greenhouses with bleach; burn the remains of tops.
Reviews
Those who were engaged in the cultivation of tomato Chukhloma, reviews leave mostly positive. Vegetable growers note such advantages: unpretentiousness of the variety in care, high productivity, well-balanced bushes. The fruits of tomatoes persist for a long time, are highly portable, have a great taste. Tomatoes are unusually beautiful when preserved with whole fruits. It pleases a huge number of fruits on one plant. Minus is the height of the bush.