Wood is susceptible to damage by insects and fungi, which appear due to moisture inside it. Keeping it dry is the best preventative measure. Organic antiseptics are used to impregnate non-residential premises. One of them is anthracene oil, which has a number of other properties.
Description
Anthracene oil is a product of distillation of coal tar; its color is greenish yellow. The boiling range of the substance is in the range of 280-360 ° C. As a percentage, the composition includes anthracene (5%), phenanthrene (20%) and carbazole (6%), the rest of it is composed of other aromatics. It has a sharp and unpleasant toxic odor caused by phenol and sulfur compounds. Working with him, experts wear safety glasses and overalls.
Carelessness at work is fraught with swelling of the eyelids, irritation of the mucous membranes, burning and itching of the skin. In case of direct contact with the skin, it causes a burn. Unprotected special clothing patches of skin are lubricated with a dense substance: glycerin, starch or gelatin.
Anthracene oil has the following temperature characteristics:
- flash point - 141 ° ;
- flash point - 171 ° ;
- autoignition temperature - 548 ° ;
- vapor ignition limits - 120 ° and 160 ° .
After cooling the product, a soft mass is released, which mainly consists of anthracene.
Getting oil
Anthracene oil is obtained by coking resin, which is formed in a similar process with coal, coke and gas. Cooling of this fraction gives crude anthracene in a crystalline state. After its filtration, the liquid phase remains, which is anthracene oil. In soot plants, it is called coal oil and is used to produce soot. For the same purposes, its second fraction is also used.
Anthracene oil: application
Fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene and indole are obtained from the described substance. To do this, the liquid substance is subjected to low temperatures, after filtering the precipitate, 15% consisting of anthracene. Then they are washed with solvents in which anthracene is poorly soluble. Thus, the mixture remains, containing 20% carbazole. It is converted to sulfate using a benzene solution.
When it comes to the production of soot, anthracene oil or its fraction must meet two requirements: contain less than 1.5% moisture and have distillation up to 360 more than 65%. This organic antiseptic is widely used to produce active carbon black.
To impregnate wood and carbon black, anthracene oil is prepared in a special way. It is necessary to isolate crude anthracene from the fraction, which leads to the need to have specialized equipment. The concentration of the crystalline product is low, which allows the use of devices with mixers for these purposes. They, as a rule, are horizontal tanks with periodic action blades. Their cooling occurs through the flow of water on the outer surface. At 70-80 ° C , the anthracene fraction is fed, often absorbing oil is supplied with it. The process continues until crystals fall out. The difficulty lies in the high viscosity, which complicates the diffusion of the composition.
The needs for anthracene oil can be found in medicine. Derivative oils are used in various medications. The pharmacotherapeutic effect depends on the chemical structure. Derivatives of anthracene have:
- Regenerating and stimulating effect.
- Laxative effect.
- Diuretic and nephrological effects.
- Produce a choleretic effect.
- They have anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects.
Conclusion
Preparations made on the basis of anthracene oil are insecticidal, fungicidal and bactericidal. Impregnation of wood with such a composition prevents the development of black cancer of fruit and lichens. It is one of the best for mass production due to its wide range of applications.