Man is an interesting creature: he loves that which is beyond his understanding and capabilities. The natural environment quickly becomes too mundane. Walking on a flat surface, moving relatively slowly, looking at the horizon only a little higher than sea level from some kind of steep hill - such a routine quickly bothers. I want extreme, new experiences and exciting adventures.
10 most dangerous sports
So. Which kind of sport is the most dangerous? Each sport is risky in its own way, because for growth, a person must make sufficient efforts. No one can avoid mistakes, therefore any athlete received this or that damage to health.
But there are sports that are a little further beyond healthy risk. When the rate rises, the excitement increases many times. But sometimes this game is no longer for life, but for death.
1. Boxing
The most dangerous Olympic sport is boxing, which refers to contact types. Being a boxer means regularly getting hit and training for wear. What kind of injuries do they have: craniocerebral fractures, injuries to the eyes, cervical spine, spine, hands, etc. For protection, boxers use special equipment: a cap, helmet, gloves, elastic bandages.
Lethal outcomes in boxing are rare, officially over the past hundred years, about 800 people have died in the ring. Most often, deaths occurred due to inadequate medical examination before the fight.
Serious brain injuries occur frequently. Moreover, according to studies, the greatest damage does not come from direct impacts, but from rotational ones, whose biomechanics cause a rotational movement of the brain, leading, for example, to a subdural hematoma. The force of damage is affected by the speed of the blow and the mass of the body (both the fighter striking and the one who hit the head), i.e., the faster the speed of the blow and the less the mass of the head they hit, the more dangerous the injury.
Nevertheless, the incomparable Muhammad Ali spoke quite unequivocally about his Parkinson's disease caused by numerous injuries. Even if he knew in advance about such an outcome of his career, this would not have discouraged him from the ring. In the life of ordinary guys from the African ghetto, injuries and death from criminal showdowns are commonplace. Ali believes that he has not lost anything by becoming a champion, and injuries are just a fee.
2. Hockey
The most dangerous winter sports include skiing and snowboarding, but one of the most traumatic is, of course, hockey. This is due to many factors. This is a high speed of movement (about 40 km / h), and maximum concentration on a small but heavy puck, and the presence of sharp skates and clubs, which can accidentally (and sometimes not accidentally) injure opponents. The puck can reach speeds of over 190 km / h, so no protective helmets can save if you are in the wrong place at the wrong time.
Coward does not play hockey! In what other game do we also often see spit-out teeth and broken noses on the ice, dislocations of the shoulder joint after hitting at great speed against the side, brain concussion from hitting the ice when falling, terrible injuries to the face and head when colliding with a skate or puck? Only the crunch is, sorry for the black humor.
3. Football
The most popular game in the world is included in the top of the most dangerous sports. Spectacular football has its unpleasant inside out in the form of endless injuries. Every year, according to statistics, a professional football player receives about 200 injuries. If we talk about injuries that are dangerous to life and health, then most often these are contact blows to the head and broken legs. The frantic race for the ball requires an insane concentration of attention, leaving traces in the form of all kinds of knee injuries, sprains, unsuccessful falls with fractures and dislocations.
The football player’s head is no less injured than the legs. By regularly bouncing the ball with your head, you can earn a real concussion, not to mention the constant collisions of players during matches, which often end in open fractures and head injury.
4. Motorsport
Motorsport is a motorcycle riding at high speed, often with reckless stunts and turns, far from always on a special track. If you look at statistics, then it may seem deplorable. More than 95% of sports bike drivers have been injured more than once, most often of the upper limbs when falling. These are various fractures (collarbone, wrist, ankle) and sprains (knee, shoulder), not to mention serious abrasions.
Often there are fatalities. The most famous island of Maine among motorcycle racers, located in the Irish Sea (Great Britain), is famous for its most dangerous TT racing tracks. At the World Championship in Road Racing World Championships (FIM Road Racing World Championship Grand Prix - English), up to 6 riders died annually only here. In the entire history of the TT races, at least 239 athletes crashed here, so after 1976 the World Cup was moved to the UK, and the island holds an annual festival.
5. Gymnastics
Although gymnastics is not a contact sport, it can both bring to complete recovery, and to complete disability. According to a 2007 study by a group of scientists led by Italian Adamasco Kupisti, gymnastics is the most useful and dangerous sport at the same time. Athletes have much less domestic injuries, which is due to the good condition of the muscles of the body, especially the back and ligaments.
But according to another study by Canadian scientist Dr. Merraili Zetarak, quite serious injuries are common among gymnasts in sports. The data obtained led scientists to conclude that the injury hazard of gymnastics directly correlates with the number of additional hours of training (should not exceed 20 per week), a complete diet (BMI prof. Athletes should not be lower than 18.5) and the time spent stretching (at least 40 minutes a day).
Due to the high requirements for the harmony of gymnasts, we often see nutritional disorders that affect the development of not only acute injuries, but, more dangerous, serious chronic ones. For example, early osteoporosis and osteochondrosis, lack of menstruation. Overtraining results in permanent fatigue fractures (microcracks in the bone with a tendency to damage accumulation), various fractures of the spinal bones, sprains, muscles and tendons, tendon inflammation, various injuries of the knee and ankle. In big sport, even in such a seemingly “feminine” one as sports and rhythmic gymnastics, a lot depends on the athlete’s ability to stop in time. Health is much more important than temporary glory, which disappears very quickly as new champions appear.
Fortunately, fatal cases in gymnastics are rare. The most famous tragic stories of gymnasts: Julissa Gomez (USA), Soviet gymnast Elena Mukhina and Chinese woman San Lan.
By the way, the feature film "Doll" in 1988 (USSR) was shot based on the story of a former champion who was forced to stop speaking due to an injury, but was unable to find herself, which she thoughtlessly performs a series of actions that led to a fracture of the spine.
6. Equestrian
In equestrianism, most of the load is borne by the horse, but this sport is extremely dangerous for its rider. A horse is a projectile for a jockey, but it often causes serious injuries.
The weight of the horse averages about half a ton, which means that any fall can end in severe bruises and fractures of the legs, ribs, head injury. Riders are often bitten, and if a horse is scared, then it can kick a hoof. The tail can cause eye injury because the animal drives the flies away.
But the worst thing is to fall under the horse after a fall or fall with it. Even if the animal just accidentally steps on the foot with its hoof, it will not do without fractures, because the pressure force of one shoe is 150-1000 kg.
7. Mountaineering
Climbing and climbing are considered separate sports, although they have much in common. The difference is that climbers choose natural reliefs, often snow-capped mountain peaks, and climbers train exclusively on rocky areas or specially equipped climbing walls. But both of them belong to the most dangerous sports, where a small mistake against the backdrop of gigantic efforts can prove fatal: incorrect insurance, self-confidence, too heavy a load for a beginner. Of course, in no sport, if you do it seriously, you can do without injuries, but this does not mean that you do not need to try to reduce them.
Sometimes people come to mountaineering from hiking, from climbing, but no matter where and how. If a person decided to test himself in the mountains, you need to approach this more seriously. Many deaths and acute injuries directly depend on the athletes themselves, although sometimes the cause is sudden bad weather conditions. Realistically assessing the state of your body and properly preparing for all the climbs are the main rules of a good climber. Beginners should always be under the supervision of an experienced trainer, it is advisable that he not just observe, but go along the route together with you, it does not matter if this is an ordinary climbing wall or a more serious site.
8. Rodeo
Taming a bull or horse is one of the most dangerous sports in the world, common in the USA, Canada and Mexico. You never know what to expect from an angry animal. Riding a bareback horse hails from North America, where once it was a routine of dressing horses, and then turned into a sport. In addition to standard discipline, there is dressage of a wild bull and a saddled horse, horse racing around barrels (women) and others.
Injuries often turn out to be incompatible with further participation in the rodeo, and most of the winnings in competitions go to athletes for treatment. But this is a common routine for cowboys and many people like to watch these crazy races, so the tote is very popular.
9. Diving
Diving is a very risky sport. Still, water is the strongest element in the world, so it must be respected and abided by all the safety rules. Neglecting at least one of them, you increase the chances that you will emerge unconscious. Beginners are required to undergo instruction, which explains all the subtleties of behavior, preparation before diving and actions after. You need to remember a bunch of terms, the name of the equipment, a little to learn the professional sign language of divers. In general, be prepared for the fact that you may not be allowed to (for example, with heart problems, infectious inflammation, chronic diseases of the ENT organs).
Scuba diving must be seriously prepared for this process, then the fun will not be overshadowed by injuries and will not become life threatening. The most frequent injuries for scuba divers are barotraumas (damage to body tissues due to a sharp jump in pressure).
This is not to mention the various burns from poisonous plants and underwater inhabitants (usually marine), cuts on sharp stones and debris, bites of aggressive predators.
Most often, scuba divers have a middle ear barotrauma (including a rupture of the eardrum), so when immersed and raised to the surface already at the level of 1.5-2 m, an unpleasant sensation in the ears appears.
Lung barotrauma is an even more serious form that can potentially be fatal. Hence the main law of the diver - "Floating, exhale." Another important rule is not to hold your breath while maintaining your normal pace. The gas in the lungs from the scuba gear tends to expand when it rises from a depth, so the lung tissue can burst when it emerges if it is not exhaled.
Divers often experience barotrauma of the eyes and teeth. Carious cavities and fillings are destroyed at a depth, causing pain in the nerves.
10. Weightlifting
According to statistics conducted by the National University of Athletic Association (NCAA) in 2007, weightlifting is among the ten most traumatic sports. There may not be much extreme here from the philistine point of view, but in the broad sense extreme means the violation of the laws of physics, and here weightlifting will give odds to many extreme phenomena. A person with a body weight of 60-120 kg. must make a jerk with a weight one and a half to two times higher than his own. This is the real power extreme.
According to the results of the study, the most common injuries are strains and ruptures of muscles and ligaments, tendonitis (tendon tissue dystrophy), tissue inflammation, fractures and dislocations of the vertebrae, dislocation and damage to the joints.
Fatalities do not occur from acute injuries at the competitions themselves, but due to regular abuse of anabolics and pharmacological stimulants, which leads to severe metabolic disorders, destruction of the heart and blood vessels, total dehydration, internal bleeding, necrosis of muscles and organs.
Many young weightlifters in pursuit of a beautiful relief and champion awards received strokes and heart attacks up to 25 years. Even today, there are still desperate and crazy people who, despite the warnings of doctors, give themselves injections to improve muscle growth.