All in school years passed the theme of “Noun” in the Russian language and knew about the ending of nouns, if not all, then almost everything.
Someone remembers the lessons well, some do not really, but almost any of us do not own the information in full. Did you know that the school and university programs in morphology are significantly different? It would seem, what difference can there be? But, nevertheless, this is so. We will not delve into the academic program, just remember
what a noun is, and what role the endings of nouns play.
What is a noun?
The noun is a part of speech, denoting an object (substance) and expressing its meaning with the help of inflectional categories of case and number, as well as a non-inflectional category of gender.
It is common for a noun to name objects in the broad sense of the word:
- things ( window, wall, trousers );
- faces ( person, man, woman );
- substances ( sugar, flour, milk );
- living things and organisms ( dog, pike, virus, bacteria );
- facts, events, phenomena ( conversation, performance, fear, sadness ).
In addition, it can give names to independent substances with procedural and non-procedural characteristics. These include qualities, properties or actions, as well as procedurally presented states: stupidity, kindness, decision, running, blue.
Noun endings
As already mentioned, the noun has the inflectional category of case. Case is a category of a word directly related to declension. Declension - a change in numbers and persons. Grammatically, this change is manifested in such a part of the word as the ending of nouns. But not all of them are inclined in the same way: different nouns in the form of the same case can have different endings. What does ending nouns tell us? About their belonging to one or another type of declination. The declination type combines nouns into a single inflection rule. There are three types of declination.
First decline
The first declension is characterized by such endings as -a, -i, when the noun is in the singular case in the singular: earth , wave . Basically, they are all feminine, except for some words (for example, uncle or youth ).
Second declension
The ending of the nouns of the second declension is -o, -e, -e for the neuter gender: sea, window, rags . Also included here are nouns without case endings of the masculine gender: horse, table, edge .
Third declension
This declension includes nouns without case endings of the feminine gender: mouse, rye . Naturally, in the singular nominative case.
Proper and common nouns. Category
animations
Nouns are traditionally divided into own and common nouns. Own - these are those that are used to name individual objects that are not included in a particular class. Native households call an object that is a carrier of a set of features characteristic of a particular class. Animate nouns - those that are called living beings, and inanimate, respectively - all other objects and phenomena. So, we repeated the basic rules regarding nouns, slightly refreshed our knowledge. And now you can say with confidence that you remember the school curriculum of the Russian language.