It is unlikely that someone himself and of his own free will would have refused official employment promising not only a guarantee of timely payment for the services provided to the employer, but also important social guarantees. Nevertheless, “black” work is a reality that the government is trying in vain to fight. Unofficially people are forced to work by different life circumstances. For a number of citizens, this is a chance to increase their own income and not share their profits with the fiscal service, but for someone it’s the only way to earn money at least somehow. In our article, we will tell readers how the “black” job differs from the “gray” one, what are the advantages and disadvantages of this type of relationship between the employer and the employee, and also what threatens illegal employment.
What is the "black" and "gray" work, the difference of concepts
If the employer invites a person to carry out certain activities, pays him wages for this, but their relationship is not legally formalized - this is the "black" work. In this case, the employer-employee relationship does not have a legal expression - an employment contract, contract or corresponding entry in the work book. All the subtleties regarding the rights and obligations of both participants in such relationships are negotiated only verbally, and therefore have no confirmation. It goes without saying that for such an employee the employer does not make contributions to the pension insurance fund and social insurance, does not pay other taxes.
There is another form of relationship between the employer and its employees. This is the so-called “gray” employment. For example, if an employee is registered for a certain position, as a rule, with a lower salary, but performs duties that require more qualifications. Another shadow scheme common among dishonest employers is the employment of a person not at full time, but at a certain percentage of it (0.5 or even 0.25). This can be done if the employee is working part-time, but usually it’s not about real hours reduction, but about saving on taxes.
How to get illegal
“Black” work is a risk, both for the employer and for his potential subordinate, therefore labor relations of this format are not customary to advertise. It is easiest to get an illegal position by meeting, or through private recruitment organizations, there are also various online sites with free job advertisements that are popular. Many large cities have special markets for black workers. There, as a rule, they are looking for those who are ready to work illegally. Most of the vacancies offered are physical work, but recently, many representatives of mental work are also busy in black - teachers, accountants, journalists, editors, programmers. Most of all those who work remotely are, in fact, illegal immigrants, because they directly negotiate with the employer, without concluding any contracts with them, receive remuneration for their services, but do not pay any deductions from him to the state treasury.
Black Jobs for Men
As practice shows, it is easier for men to find work than for women. Moreover, this trend is observed both in the legal labor market and in the “black” one. A large number of vacancies without registration is a job for men without work experience, but often employers are looking for qualified employees, not wanting to sign a contract with them. Most often this is either temporary employment - from several hours to several weeks, or seasonal work. In both cases, employers simply do not need to spend time and money on an employment contract, such relationships are based on trust and “honest word”.
What vacancies are more common than others on the illegal labor market?
- builders (masons, tilers, plasterers, painters);
- equipment (installation of heating, electrical systems, plumbing);
- ancillary work (manual digging of trenches, kneading and a solution tray to the master)
- movers and forwarders;
- security;
- cleaning;
- Agriculture.
You need to understand that for men, work without work experience is exclusively low-paid and unskilled labor. To get a good position, you need to prove the presence of certain skills and abilities, and the easiest way to do this is by using the appropriate entry in the work book.
Illegal work options for women
The list of “black” works for girls is very different from what men offer. As a rule, illegal activity in women consists in the provision of various services:
- cleaning, home help;
- caring for children or the elderly, sick people;
- cooking;
- Clothing repair;
- tutoring;
- trade.
In agriculture, women are also usually employed without formal registration, as this is low-skilled labor. Most often, they are offered seasonal work in preparation for sowing, harvesting, grazing, etc.
The advantages of working in black
Yes, illegal employment also has its advantages. First of all, they relate to the fact that a person working "black" does not need to pay taxes. For many people, this is a decisive factor in determining how he builds his relationships with employers.
Also, they are usually illegally employed not for the main job, but for the purpose of additional earnings. Such activity is not displayed either in the tax return or in other documents, and therefore for the time being it does not deprive a person of certain privileges, such as unemployment assistance, a subsidy to pay for utility bills. But on the other hand, if the controlling authorities figure out the deceiver, it threatens him with fines and penalties.
Cons of illegal employment
Negativity in the “black” work is much more than positive. Moreover, these disadvantages relate to illegal employers and their subordinates. The first ones run the risk of getting dishonest and irresponsible employees who will not only not help the business to develop, but also be able to significantly spoil things. Experts have proven that people who are not formalized, are less likely to take the initiative, often neglect their job responsibilities.
The illegal immigrants themselves risk not getting their honestly earned remuneration. There are a lot of cases when people were deceived and not paid money for work, especially when it comes to one-time work - digging trenches manually, other construction or repair services. Situations with normal pay are no less common. But even if the worker is doing well with this, working “in the dark”, he deprives himself of such important necessary social guarantees that are ensured only through tax deductions:
- sick leave and vacation pay;
- receiving benefits in case of loss of work;
- accumulation of seniority;
- retirement savings.
A person who has never worked officially cannot rely on a normal existence in the future, because all that the state will offer him in his old age is a minimal allowance or a meager pension.
What threatens the rough work of the tenant and his subordinate?
So far, in Russia, the sole responsibility for illegal employment lies solely with the employer. If the regulatory authorities find in his subordination an employee for whom he does not pay taxes, he will face a fine - from 1.5 thousand rubles for individual entrepreneurs and from 100 thousand rubles for LLCs, moreover, the entrepreneur may be obliged to suspend their activities for up to three months or even put in jail.
Wage workers are currently not punished for illegal work, but officials plan to introduce punishment for them. So far, such bills are under consideration, but probably soon they can be adopted.