Any manufacturer seeks to reduce the cost of production that he offers to the buyer. Breeders are no exception. The desire to provide their livestock with high-quality and inexpensive feed makes us look for new types of fodder. Dry bard is one of such additions to the diet, providing increased production without significant investments.
What is a barda?
Waste of any production in the food industry has always tried to put into processing for additional profit. The production of alcohol based on various raw materials gives a by-product called "dry alcohol distillery distillery." Rather, it becomes dry after processing the liquid fraction.
In the production of one liter of alcohol, depending on the technology used, up to 15 liters of stillage are obtained along the way. The problem with its implementation in its raw form is very relevant. Transportation over long distances is disadvantageous to the manufacturer, and delivery in large quantities to the consumer. Fresh bard remains no more than a day. In addition, there are limitations on the daily rate of supplementation.
In Soviet times, subsidiary farms were specially created at distilleries if there were no collective farms or state farms interested in using bards. Pipelines were laid, and hot "food" was directly fed to the feed workshops, and for free. In the summer period, the problem of disposal was especially acute: the animals were mainly in summer camps, and an increase in air temperature accelerated the process of oxidation and, consequently, spoilage of products.
The barda is dry. It is easy to transport it to any place, if necessary, and to pasture, it retains its qualities for a long time, a loose powdery product can be pressed. A granular and packaged product does not take up much space.
Kinds
Alcohol plants use various raw materials in their production. The type of bard depends on this. The most common in the post-Soviet territory:
- Potato As a rule, they are fed fresh.
- Molasses. The starting material is molasses, due to the high content of potassium used in very limited quantities.
- Cereal. This is the most nutritious product, it contains (in fresh):
- in barley - up to 3.8 K. units .;
- in rye - up to 4.7 units;
- in oatmeal - up to 6.5 units;
- in corn - up to 12 units
Modern facilities are equipped with special equipment for the processing of alcohol production wastes. After powerful dryers, the plant receives an additional income by selling dry post-alcohol bard to farmers or animal feed companies.
Composition
Developed and approved by GOST 31809-2012. According to his requirements, the product must comply with the following physico-chemical and organoleptic characteristics:
- in appearance it is a loose uniform powder without solid inclusions;
- in granular form: the diameter of the granules is 5-13 mm, the length is 10-26 mm (in agreement with the consumer, the size may vary);
- uniform color, shades from light yellow to brown are allowed;
- dry fodder barda has a bread and yeast aroma, odorless mold or musty;
- moisture within 10%;
- the content of feed units is not lower than 0.86 per 1 kg;
- the presence of pathogenic microflora is not allowed.
The chemical composition may vary slightly depending on the raw material, it is indicated on the packaging. The bard contains a lot of useful substances:
- vitamins E, K, group B - niacin, choline, thiamine, riboflavin, pantothenic acid;
- carbohydrates - starch, cellulose, lignin, sugar;
- proteins;
- fats
- amino acids - leucine, lysine, phenylalanine, valine, isoleucine, threonine, serine, tyrosine, glycine, alanine, methionine, glutamic and aspartic acid;
- potassium;
- magnesium;
- phosphorus;
- zinc;
- manganese;
- copper.
Using
Natural vitamin-containing and valuable protein feed, which is dry bard, is used for the preparation of animal feed for different types of animals and poultry. It is also given as an independent dietary supplement. Experts recommend the following standards as a percentage of the total dry weight of the feed:
Animal species | Maximum quantity indicator dry post-alcohol bard (cereal) |
Dairy cows | thirty% |
High yielding animals | 40% |
Young cattle up to 6 months | 20% |
Young cattle older than 6 months | 25% |
Fattening animals | 35% |
Dry cows and during the last third of pregnancy | thirty% |
Young pigs (repair) | 25% |
Fattening pigs | 20% |
Lactating sows | 20% |
Single and pregnant sows | 40% |
Laying hens | 6% |
Meat breeds of chickens | 8% |
Repair young | 5% |
Broilers up to 2 months | 4% |
Turkeys | 8% |
Turkey poults up to 3 months | 4% |
Livestock assessment
Demand for dry vinasse does not fall, but rather grows for a number of objective reasons. According to the reviews of livestock breeders, it can be understood that inexpensive and nutritious feed improves the economic performance of farms, guaranteeing a steady profit. The All-Russian Scientific and Research and Technological Institute of Poultry Research conducted studies that allowed to give a zootechnical assessment of feed:
- Bird. Egg production increased by 33%, feed costs for every 10 eggs decreased by 1.2-2.6%. The introduction of dry vinasse into mixed fodder instead of fodder yeast reduced its cost to 3.5%. Changing the diet did not affect the chemical and morphological composition of the eggs. From 2 to 8% of stillage was added to the feed for testing.
- Cattle. Fattening of young animals was carried out according to an updated diet. 30% of the grain share was replaced by dry bard. The average daily gain increased by an average of 150-195 grams. For dairy cows, the norm was 300-350 grams of stillage per 1 liter of milk.
- Pigs. It was experimentally found that for weaned piglets, the optimal additive in the composition of the feed was 5-7%. The average daily increase increased by an average of 10.5%. For young fattening animals (from 40 to 110 kg), it is recommended to introduce up to 20% dry bard in feed. In animals weighing 40 kg, the average daily gain increased by 9%, with a weight of 110 kg - by 3%.
Studies have proven the effectiveness of introducing stillage in the diet of farm animals and poultry.
Everything is good in moderation
Scientists suggest a wider use of valuable feed:
- as a basis for the production of vitamin-mineral premixes;
- as a basis for the production of feed additives with probiotic preparations (beneficial microorganisms that improve digestion and absorption of feed);
- as an independent type of fodder, previously (in the liquid fraction) enriched with various additives.
Dry bard today is used as a complete feed, and as a mineral and vitamin top dressing, and as a component in the production of feed. There are a couple of nuances to which you should pay attention:
- Quality. Unscrupulous manufacturers seek to reduce their costs and go to the violation of drying technology. This leads to an irreversible change in some part of the protein, it becomes inaccessible to the animal. Experts say that the bard of good quality in color is closer to gold. Another “trick” is adding carbamide (urea) to a dry product, only 1% increases the protein content up to 3%, but the presence of inorganic urea makes the supplement toxic to horses, poultry, and pigs.
- Feeding rates matter. Experienced breeders say that an unbalanced diet of vitamins and minerals leads to negative consequences: barrenness, impaired mineral metabolism, and reduced product quality. Potato bard with prolonged feeding can cause bardic mozhet (skin disease) or solanine poisoning.