If we talk about what is an information system (IP), then it is worth considering this issue from different points of view, which will create an overall picture. Experts say that it is an interconnected set of tools, personnel and methods used to store, process and issue information necessary to solve any specific tasks.
Highlights
Considering what an information system is, it must be said that it can have a different scale and purpose. There are other features. Systems can differ in the degree of coverage of different areas of the company, can be intended not only for warehouse or accounting, but also for finance, production accounting and document control of the enterprise.
Regardless of purpose, they all have a whole set of properties that have become common to them. As the main technical means for processing information in any modern system, the use of computers is required. They are tools and a technical base in conjunction with specialized programs installed on them. If we talk about what an information system is, then it should be noted that its basis can be called tools designed to store and access data. At the same time, they are intended for use by the end user, who should not be a specialist in the field of computer technology. This includes client applications designed to provide an intuitive interface.
IP Types
Such systems are divided into documentary and factual. The former are focused on solving problems related to production management, accounting, and other similar ones. The latter are focused on the search for unambiguous answers to queries, as well as on the solution of the task in only one way. These can be heterogeneous reference-information systems, search systems, as well as those engaged in the operational processing of data. Documentary IPs are designed to solve problems that do not provide unambiguous answers to questions. Here we can cite as an example the electronic document management system, which is becoming increasingly popular in enterprises recently. A mixed type of IC is allowed.
Scale
Speaking about what an information system is, it is worth touching on such an important issue as its scale. It is customary to distinguish between individual or desktop IP, network, which includes several users, as well as the largest - the scale of the enterprise. It is quite difficult to imagine a modern company without using such a system. It does not matter in which area the company’s activity is concentrated, its size is not so important either, its IP in any case serves as a pivot that ensures effective management of production, trade or timely quality service. With its help, the solution of managerial tasks is simplified, part of the employees can be freed from solving various routine matters, the probability of errors is reduced, the number of paper documents is reduced, and there are also opportunities for a significant reduction in costs. For this reason, any modern enterprise is distinguished by the fact that everything related to the information system and ensuring its smooth functioning has become a subject of special control by the management staff.
City Cadastral Information System
The IP of the city cadastre is one of the ways to ensure the information conversion of cadastral data on objects of different types of property in the village. It is a complex of hardware and software, material and labor resources, which are aimed at creating information about real estate and its complete presentation in the form of material documents.
The city information system plays a very important role in providing data, since it serves as an effective means of creating an information space that is used to manage social, economic, economic and other activities in it. In the current socio-economic conditions, the creation of such a space becomes possible only on the basis of the absolute automation of processes such as the collection, processing, storage and updating of cadastral data on real estate. In addition, the provision of information systems provides access to all specified data, an operational exchange between state and commercial structures of various kinds, services and organizations of the city.
The need for such a structure
At the moment, certain state, commercial and municipal organizations (land markets, mortgage banks, property privatization committees, tax inspectorates, insurance companies and others) can hardly fulfill their direct duties without organizing timely exchange of cadastral information that is reliable during this period of time. That is why the development of an information system of this kind allows us to solve not only the problems of protecting property rights and taxation, but also other issues.
Non-Cadastral Tasks
- prompt, complete and high-quality informational support of the city administration authorities, commercial, economic and other structures and individual citizens with full and reliable information about the physical condition of real estate objects of different ownership forms and other elements of the urban environment;
- analysis of the use of infrastructure, natural, labor, material, technical means and resources of the city, their distribution by ownership and so on;
- Work on the preparation of urban planning and architectural projects, the design of engineering networks and other things.
Difficulty in work
The design of information systems of this kind has become necessary due to the fact that until recently there were no analogues on the domestic market that could solve such complex problems. There are no such solutions abroad, however, in recent years, the intensification of work in this area is simply amazing. The first Russian development in this area was AIS GK, created by the Novosibirsk branch of RosNITs Zemlya. It is focused on providing various structures with reliable cadastral information: administration, privatization committee, insurance bureaus, tax inspectorates, institutions and enterprises, mortgage, land and investment banks, as well as individuals who own real estate.
Features of data accounting
It is important to understand that certain services and organizations of the city can be not only passive consumers of cadastral information, but also shape it, having a huge impact on the formation of urban information space. For this reason, the development of the AIS GC was carried out taking into account the possibility of using software products of such users, and also provided for the safety of their fleet of technical measuring instruments. A unified information system was developed taking into account all these features.
Used construction principles
- modularity in terms of construction, which allows for the normal functioning of each individual element, and hence their entirety as a whole;
- information technologies of information systems have a very flexible software architecture, which allows you to include new subscribers in the network and exclude them from it, without compromising the health, reliability and productivity of the entire structure, and also does not require any reconfigurations;
- data is fully protected from loss in case of malfunctions or unauthorized access to IP;
- the classification and coding of data on the elements of the urban environment is uniform;
- information is entered in a single format, which became possible thanks to the use of system configuration tools that are provided by the operating system and network DBMS;
- the results of geodetic changes are processed in a fully automated mode, regardless of what methods were used to collect them;
- the information in the database is presented in topological integrity, there is the ability to edit all types of cadastral data;
- operational control of the reliability and correctness of the data during all operations with them.
Such a unified information system is capable of solving not only the cadastral tasks directly, but also many others related to the development of plans for the development of territories and their reorganization, environmental protection, rational allocation of housing facilities, modeling of traffic flows, property management and much more. In addition, such a system easily incorporates custom devices, tools and computers.
Alternatives
The school information system represents a completely new approach to educational issues. With the help of important elements, timely data supply is achieved. For example, an element such as an electronic diary is used to post information about grades and homework, allowing teachers to interact quickly with students. This includes an apprenticeship portfolio demonstrating his activity in and outside the school. The school information system supports the use of personal privacy settings through a personal account. Parents can quickly receive reliable information not only about academic performance, but also about homework.
So, all this allows us to understand what an information system is, how it helps in solving many important issues.