What is education in our country? Many names are heard: unfinished higher, full general, bachelor's degree, secondary professional. Let us consider in more detail when and what kind of education a citizen of our country receives.
If you believe the law on education, then it can be divided into two categories: general and professional. The general is also divided into subsections: the initial general, which students receive in schools in grades 1–4, the basic general (grades 5–9) and the complete general (secondary), which they receive when they graduate from 11 classes of a comprehensive school. Basic general education can be obtained only at school, but full general, in addition to school, is provided by lyceums and technical schools. True, there is still pre-school education (in kindergarten), but it exists nominally; no diplomas are issued to children at the end of kindergarten.
A more serious step is already an initial vocational education, which can be obtained in vocational schools and technical schools. In these institutions not only general educational information is given, but also the basics of the chosen profession. A person who has received an appropriate diploma can count on employment in a specialty, while a citizen who has only a secondary education diploma usually is satisfied with low-skilled work.
Secondary vocational education is the next step. It is received on the basis of basic general, secondary and primary vocational education in technical schools, colleges and universities.
The pinnacle of study is higher education. It also happens to be different. First, the unfinished higher. In fact, this is the first stage of higher professional education. Many people think that enrolling in the first year and completing 2-3 months of study automatically gives the right to write in the questionnaire upon admission to work: "There is an incomplete higher education." However, this is not the case. In fact, only those students who have studied at the university for 2-3 years have the right to receive a certificate stating that they have received an incomplete higher education, indicating the amount of knowledge gained and passed disciplines.
The next level of higher education is master's and undergraduate studies. At first glance, this is also an incomplete higher, only a higher level. But it is not so. A bachelor's degree can be awarded to graduates after 4 years of study. In fact, this is a complete higher general education without any narrow specialization. If a device requires a “tower” for a position, a bachelor may well qualify for this vacancy. If, after receiving a bachelor’s diploma, the student continues his studies at the university, then in two years he will be able to obtain a master’s diploma. Master's program involves a more in-depth study of the subject with a deepening in scientific activity. If before bachelors were perceived as undereducated specialists, nowadays the situation is changing before our eyes. Bachelors and masters can continue their studies in foreign universities, while a person with a specialist diploma (completed higher education) will have to retrain.
In form, an incomplete higher, higher and secondary specialized education may be:
- Full-time - in this case, the student must attend all lectures in the daytime.
- In the evening - lectures and couples are carried over to the evening.
- In absentia - a student is engaged in self-education during the year, and then passes sessions twice a year.
- Remote - in this case, training, passing exams and tests takes place without personal contact, only through means of communication - mail, skype.
- External student - in this case, the student studies subjects independently, and comes to the university for early exams.
If desired, a person can receive postgraduate education, enter graduate school and become a candidate and subsequently a doctor of science.