Special economic zone "Lipetsk" (SEZ "Lipetsk")

The concept of SEZ is no longer considered new in both professional and common sense. However, it is still difficult to determine exactly what it is, what are the goals of creating such zones, what they are and how widely represented in Russia. In this article we will get to know this phenomenon closely, presenting the Lipetsk special economic zone.

What is a SEZ?

A free (or special) economic zone (SEZ, SEZ) is a limited area in a region that has a specific legal status in relation to another territory and is distinguished by favorable conditions for entrepreneurs, foreign and domestic.

The main goal of the creation of the SEZ (including the Lipetsk special economic zone) will be the solution of state strategic tasks - social, foreign trade, general economic, regional, scientific and technical. Free economic zones are opened only for a limited period (in Russia, for example, it is 49 years). Renewing it is impossible.

It is important not to confuse this term with the concept of “free trade zone” (“special trade economic zone”). The latter is the provision of a duty-free regime for the import of goods of those countries that have signed an agreement with each other.

The goals of creating a free economic zone

The goals of opening the special economic zone "Lipetsk" and any other can be divided into two directions.

And what kind of educated special economic zones can be?

Varieties of SEZ

For example, the special economic zone "Lipetsk" belongs to the industrial group. And what SEZs still exist?

By types of economic activity. It stands out:

• Trading SEZ: customs free zones, free cities and ports, Duty Free markets.
• Industrial zones: of one branch or enterprise, industrial park, industrial export zone.
• Technology-innovation zones: various technopolises and technology parks.
• Service areas: offshore, free tourism, financial, insurance, banking and other services.
• Complex zones.

By type of organization. There are three degrees:

• Territorial (open and enclave).
• Functional.
• Territorial-functional.

By nationality. There are two kinds:

• Cross-border.
• National

By the level of implementation in the state economy. Also two groups:

• Enclave.
• Integrated into the national economy.

By type of benefits. Actually such a division:

• Administrative.
• Tax.
• Financial.
• Shopping.
• Customs
  

Special economic zones in Russia

In our country, SEZs are regulated by Federal Law No. 116, adopted in 2005. The development of such zones is carried out by a specially founded organization - Special Economic Zones OJSC. Its sole shareholder is the state.

The goals of creating SEZ in the Russian Federation were several:

• The development of high-tech sectors of the economy.
• Import substitution both in production and in the recreational sphere.
• Development, release of new types of products, goods.
• Expansion of the logistics system and so on.

The special regime in force in the SEZ is as follows:

• A number of tax and customs benefits for entrepreneurs.
• The state from its budget creates ready-made infrastructure for investors, which saves businessmen from significant costs.
• A simple system of interaction with the administration of "one window" is being developed.
  

At the beginning of 2016, 33 free economic zones were opened on the territory of the Russian Federation. They are divided into four types:

• Industrial production - 9 SEZ. The special economic zone (SEZ) “Lipetsk”, “Alabuga”, “Tolyatti”, “Titanium Valley”, “Stupino-Square” stands out.
• Port - 3 SEZ. This is the Far East, Khabarovsk Territory, Ulyanovsk, Murmansk.
• Technical and implementation - 6 SEZ. They are located on the territory of Tomsk, the Republic of Tatarstan, Dubna, Zelenograd, St. Petersburg, Fryazino.
• Recreational - 15 SEZ. Free economic zones of this type are located in the North Caucasus Autonomous Okrug, Primorsky Territory, Irkutsk Oblast, Altai, Kaliningrad Oblast, Buryatia, Altai, Stavropol Territories.

SEZ "Lipetsk"

Lipetsk is a special economic zone of an industrial-production type. It is located in two locations in the Lipetsk region, whose total area is about 2 thousand hectares. It was founded in 2005. The General Director is I. Koshelev. In 2015, the turnover of this zone amounted to 7077 million rubles.

The Lipetsk special economic zone does not have a specific address. Its main site is located on the territory of the Gryazinsky municipal district near the Lipetsk-Gryazi highway (coordinates - 52 ° 30′14 ″ north latitude, 39 ° 49′12 ″ east longitude). Additional - in the Yelets district, near the village of New Olshanets (coordinates - 52 ° 38 ′ north latitude, 38 ° 40 ′ east longitude).

Three times (2014, twice in 2016) was the winner in the ranking of the best free economic zones, each year compiled by the Financial Times magazine:

• "New investment."
• "The best European investment platform."
• "Support for vocational training and education."

In 2016, the Lipetsk SEZ was also the winner of the VTB Development Prize contest in the category "Best Infrastructure Project".

Residents of the special economic zone "Lipetsk"

In 2015, 6 residents were registered on the domain of the Lipetsk Special Economic Zone. At the end of that year, their number increased to 42. To date, we can talk about 47 residents.

We list for example some of the enterprises of the special economic zone "Lipetsk":

• "SEST-LUVE" (Italy) - heat exchange equipment.
• "OBO-Betermann" (Germany) - lightning protection structures, cable support systems.
• "Fenzi" (Italy) - sealing materials.
• "YOKOHAMA R.P.Z." (Japan) - car tires.
• "Farm Fries" Belaya Dacha "(Russia-Netherlands) - conservation, processing of vegetables.
• "PRS Eurasia" (Israel) - polymer innovative geocells for road construction.
• Kemin Industries (USA) - production and packaging of pet food.
• "ENKEY RUSS" (Korea-Russia) - high-pressure cylinders for various gases.
• "Lifan Cars Rus" (China) - cars.
  

History of creation and development

After the companies of the Lipetsk Special Economic Zone, we will talk a little about its history.

In 2005, the Government of the Russian Federation decided to create six free economic zones on the territory of the state - industrial and technical-innovative. According to the results of the competition organized by the Russian Ministry of Economic Development, the Lipetsk region got the opportunity to open a SEZ on its territory.

And then events developed like this:

• 01/23/2006 - a capsule with the FEZ logo was solemnly laid near the village. Kazinka.
• In June of the same year, the first enterprise was launched in the zone - ChSZ-Lipetsk (a glass enterprise).
• 01/25/2008 open economic zone "Lipetsk" was inaugurated.
• 12/14/2016 launched an additional Yelets industrial site (1300 ha).

By 2025, the following indicators are expected:

• The total investment is 176 billion rubles.
• Contributions to the federal, regional and local budgets - 10 billion rubles.
• The total number of job vacancies is 10 thousand.
  

Some characteristics of the SEZ "Lipetsk"

The following special advantages are valid on the territory of the Lipetsk SEZ:

• No VAT and customs duties.
• The exemption of residents from a whole range of taxes, in particular the tax on property of the organization.
• Arrangement of access roads: there are exits to the routes "Lipetsk-Gryazi", "Orel-Tambov", "Don", "Caspian".
• Construction of a railway line to the Lipetsk and Gryaz-Voronezh stations, Kazinka and Gryaz-Oryol stations.
• The presence of treatment facilities, high pressure gas pipelines, power plants.
• Manpower - the population of Yelets, Lipetsk and Mud.
  

SEZs are popular today both in Russia and in the world. One of the successful and actively developing domestic free economic zones is deservedly considered the industrial Lipetsk. Now you are aware of the features, characteristics, achievements and history of this SEZ.