Today, there are many types of special agricultural machinery that facilitate manual labor on farms, including cattle breeding. Since the tractor is a traditional vehicle, manufacturers for various works produce trailed devices. One of these devices is the feed dispenser KTU-10.
Feeder designation
The main function of this type of tow hitch is clear from its name. Full name - "KTU-10, universal tractor feed distributor".
Feed is loaded into it, transported from the place of preparation or storage to livestock sheds or open areas and, during the movement, is dispensed into the feeders dosed. The feed can be chopped straw, haylage, cereal or bean grasses, chopped beets or carrots, and full-feed feed mixtures.
In addition, the device can be used for servicing corn and silage equipment, transporting and unloading various agricultural goods, and dosing feed prepared feed to storages and stationary distributors on farms.
When the feed is distributed on the right side in the direction of travel or on both sides, this is the basic version in which the KTU-10 feed dispenser is executed. The manufacturer, as a rule, offers the manufacture of a device with distribution to the left side on an individual order.
Operational Features
There are special requirements that must be observed during the operation of KTU-10. The feed dispenser is used to distribute feeds of only certain sizes. Haylage should be crushed to a length of not more than 40 mm, other feed - 60 mm. Moreover, the content of particles with such dimensions is more than 80%, a length of more than 150 mm is allowed only in no more than 5% of the total mass of feed.
If dry feed is transported and distributed, then KTU-10 can be operated in the temperature range from –40 ° to +50 ° . But for the distribution of wet food - only at temperatures above 0 ° C.
The height of the feeders is recommended to be no more than 75 cm, the width of the gate should be from 2.6 m, and the aft passage should be at least 2.2 m.
Agricultural tractors with a traction force of 9 and 14 kN (traction class of 0.9 and 1.4, respectively) are the equipment with which the KTU-10 feeder can be aggregated.
Specifications
The most important characteristics of the device are its carrying capacity and body volume, i.e. capacity. The feed dispenser KTU-10 transports 4 tons of cargo up to 10 cubic meters. m. It weighs a little more than 2 tons.
For driving in livestock rooms, the dimensions of the trailer are important. Its length is 6.45-6.7 m, its width is 2.35 m and its height is 2.45 m. With an additional conveyor installed in the transport position, the width of the distributor is 2.65 m. The turning radius, determined by the track of the outside the wheel is 6.5 m. The track width is 1.6-1.8 m, the ground clearance is 300 mm.
The speed of the KTU-10 is about 30 km / h.
Manufacturers also show characteristics regarding feed distribution. This is the productivity of the process, which can range from 70 to 500 m 3 / h, and options for changing the distribution rate, usually six.
KTU-10 device
The feed dispenser is a tractor trailer, the front wheels of which are rotary steered. The mechanisms by which the feed is loosened, moved and dosed are located in the body.
The undercarriage of the unit consists of a bottom to which axles with wheels are suspended on the springs and a towing device for attachment to the tractor. The rear axle is simple in design - it is a metal beam of a certain profile. But the front one is a tubular beam on which the axles of the wheels with knuckles are welded . A hydraulic brake system, which is controlled by a tractor driver from the cab, is based on the rear wheels.
A metal body is mounted on the bottom. It has discharge windows and a folding tailgate on the sides.
For the safety of movement on the front axle, a locking device is installed, when moving backward, the locking wheels.
The distributing device is a longitudinal (chain transmission) and transverse (web stretched on the rolls) conveyors, as well as two drum beaters, which are fixed in the side walls of the body. The drive of its working bodies is carried out from the PTO of the tractor through the drive mechanisms of the feeder.
Work KTU-10
Prepared, pre-crushed feed is loaded evenly into the body of KTU-10. The tractor is fed into the aisle with a tractor. The power take-off shaft is already included in it. A longitudinal conveyor with scrapers feeds the beaters, which loosen them and, in turn, feed them to the transverse conveyor, and it distributes one or two sides at the same time, depending on the design of the distributor.
If the unit works as a self-unloading trailer, then the longitudinal conveyor unloads the feed back through the folded tailgate.
The rate of distribution is regulated by adjusting the ratchet mechanism, as well as by changing the speed of the longitudinal conveyor and tractor.
All these works can be performed by one person, providing a herd of 300-400 animals with feed.
Feeder Modifications
In addition to the basic model, several more versions of the distributor are available
The feed dispenser KT-6 has a lower carrying capacity and dimensions, but at the same time a larger body capacity. She is 6 cubic meters. m. This unit due to the small size is much more maneuverable prototype.
The KTU-10A model completely repeats the basic one according to technical characteristics. It features a reinforced chassis frame and turntable.
KTU-10 feed dispenser is produced on balancers. This modification is marked with the number “1” and represents a tractor uniaxial semi-trailer on dual wheels.
KTU-10 is a feed distributor, one of the modifications of which can be found in almost every livestock farm.
And pastoralists will stop using it only when (if this happens at all) the process of preparing, moving and feeding feed to the feeders will be fully automated.