A microenterprise is one of the following business entities: individual entrepreneur; private enterprise; fishing peasant farming, and sometimes a limited liability company. Assignment to other categories of business entities (for example, medium and large business) is possible if the above boundary showed not correspond to the established standards.
A microenterprise is a payer paying the following taxes: on personal income; on profit and various duties.
Payment procedure and tax rate for microenterprises
The basic tax rate is 9% of the turnover for a calendar year. However, there are some features. For example, if the number of employees exceeds five in a quarter, then 2% is added to the indicated tax rate (9%) for each individual employee.
Microenterprises are small businesses
The circle of such enterprises includes newly created business entities or functioning throughout the year from the moment of their registration.
Thus, any organization with a small turnover and a small number of employees can be classified as a microenterprise. The criteria for these enterprises are as follows: the staff employs about 15 people, and the average annual revenue does not exceed 60 million rubles. It is necessary to pay attention to the
book value of assets calculated in the form of the residual value of fixed assets with the inclusion of the amount of intangible assets.
Definition of criteria
The first criterion is the average number of employees of a micro-enterprise for a calendar year, taking into account not only employees in the state, but also employees drawn up in accordance with civil law contracts, part-time workers, as well as employees of branches or other structural units. Real time worked is taken into account.
The second criterion is the revenue received from the sale of goods for a calendar year can be determined in accordance with tax legislation.
The third criterion is the residual value of fixed assets with intangible assets, small and microenterprises are determined in accordance with the relevant legislation on accounting.
Register of microenterprises
Special government agencies responsible for supporting such business entities maintain appropriate registers to record the recipients of this support. At the same time, even if the statistics of the microenterprise speaks of classifying it as a small enterprise, this does not mean that it will be entered in this register. It happens, and vice versa, the business entity is in the register, and is not small.
Benefits of Creating Micro-Enterprises
A newly created microenterprise is a number of advantages for a successful start. Thanks to the creation of favorable conditions, many entrepreneurs create just such enterprises.
One of the advantages for individual entrepreneurs is a reduced tax rate (9%), including:
- personal income tax;
- payments of state significance for compulsory social insurance ;
- state duty for entrepreneurial risk, as well as corporate income tax.
The main conditions for the registration of microenterprises are considered:
- participants are individuals who can simultaneously be members of the LLC board of directors (if such a form of organization is chosen during the registration of an enterprise)
- not exceeding the boundary level of the enterprise’s turnover (60 million rubles);
- the number of employees should not exceed the established standard (15 people).
A microenterprise has the right to register as a VAT payer.
Pros and cons of microenterprise existence
Positive aspects of the functioning of such an enterprise:
- a report is submitted to the tax authorities on a quarterly basis;
- upon delivery of the annual report, it is not necessary to provide a report by a sworn auditor;
- There are no obligations to pay advance payments on corporate income tax ;
- the possibility for microenterprise employees to work part-time at several business entities;
- Relatively low costs for accounting at the enterprise.
Negative moments of the work of microenterprises:
- employees of such enterprises cannot enjoy certain benefits;
- accounting is the same for all small businesses;
- the transition to another category of enterprises (for example, medium or large business) is possible only with the advent of the new calendar year.
Thus, it is safe to say that a microenterprise is an independent business entity that has its own fixed assets and conducts accounting. In other words, such enterprises are no different from large and medium-sized businesses, except for the value of turnover and fixed assets, as well as the number of employees.