This sport requires not only excellent jumping ability, but also excellent sprinting qualities. It is now part of the modern Olympic program, and originates from the ancient games of Ancient Greece. Men began to represent him at the Olympics in 1896, and women joined after World War II - in 1948. In addition, it is included in several multiathlon sports.
The athlete’s task is to make a long jump from the start and reach the greatest length in the horizontal plane at the landing site. Such competitions are held in a special sector according to strictly established rules, taking into account technical regulated organizational issues. A long jump is performed in several stages. At the first stage, a sprint run is made along the path, then there is repulsion from the board with one leg, and the exercise ends by landing in a sand pit. At the same time, there is a mark at the end of the board, from which they begin to measure distance. This is done regardless of the specific location of the push and to the nearest touch remaining in the sand. It should be noted that there should be a distance of five meters from the measurement line to the beginning of the pit, and at least ten meters to the end of the sector with sand.
This type of long jump differs in style and technique. There are three most common types:
1. "In Step" - the simplest technique used mainly by amateurs and during training at school in physical education classes. This elementary option looks like the attachment of a pushing leg to the fly leg through the side with simultaneous retraction of the shoulders. It is worth noting, despite the simplicity, this type of jump is used by some modern venerable athletes.
2. “Crouching” is the most common long jump among professional athletes, requiring good coordination. In flight, the jumper bends the torso in the lower back, thus making an invisible pause for the eyes before direct landing. The first time such a style was demonstrated back in 1920. Now most often it is used by athletes.
3. “Scissors” - the most difficult long jump. It requires the highest power and speed qualities of an athlete. It is a continuation of the flight in flight, while the jumper can take 3.5, 2.5 or 1.5 steps in the air. This type in the optimal version can be performed only by high-class athletes who have achieved a lot in this sport.
Jumping from a place
This type of exercise does not currently apply to professional sports events. In Soviet times, it was mandatory in fulfilling the TRP standards. Now it is practiced only at physical education classes in middle and high school and at various amateur competitions or sports and athletics meetings.
A long jump from a place consists of four stages: preparation for a push, push, flight phase and landing. From the outside, it looks like a fairly simple task, but in fact, to correctly and with a good result to complete the exercise, it will take a lot of time to practice.