Sound-letter analysis of the word is an indispensable part of literacy. They begin to form this skill in school from the first grade and continue throughout the entire training period. After all, this is the basis of both reading and writing. However, very often such an analysis of the word causes difficulties not only in children, but also in parents. Therefore, we will try to determine what this operation includes, and how to help the child better master it.
If you start working with preschoolers or first graders, then they need, first of all, to determine and correlate the number of letters and sounds. In addition, it is necessary to classify them into vowels and consonants, and the latter, in turn, to differentiate into soft and hard, deaf and voiced, etc.
It is very important to explain to the children the differences between the sound (what we say and hear) and the letter (what we read and write). This is best done in the form of a game, because in elementary school motivation for classes is very important. Traditionally, in textbooks teaching literacy, letters are written in different colors. Those that indicate vowels are most often shown in red, and consonants in blue or green. Modern techniques also, for the most part, have adopted this tradition.
Sound analysis of a word causes difficulties for a high school student if at one time he poorly understood the basics of this operation. So, it is noticed that the most mistakes in children are in words where there are letters "b" and "b". The fact is that in the Russian language they do not denote certain sounds, but serve "dividing" purposes (traveling, blizzard). The “b” after the consonant is an indicator of its softness (stump). In such cases, the number of letters and sounds in the word will, of course, be different. There will be fewer of the latter, because what is written in the letter as H, in a speech will only sound like soft H '.
Sound-letter analysis of a word begins with determining the number of syllables in it, as well as the ratio of letters and sounds. The latter in the letter are enclosed in square brackets. So, let’s try to look at the analysis using the example of the word “letter”.
There are 2 syllables in this word: writing-mo. There are 6 letters, and there will be 5 sounds. Next, we analyze and characterize each of them individually.
The letter "P" is a consonant, denoted by a dull sound, which in this case is soft. "And," the vowel stands in an unstressed position. "C" - consonant sound, soft (indicated on the letter with the help of "b"), deaf. "M" - consonant, sonorous, firm. “O” - vowel, stands in shock position.
Over time, the sound-literal analysis of the word becomes more complicated, and then tasks such as “WASH,” “BLOW”, etc., are given, in which E,,,,, , I include two sounds at once. I must say that these cases cause difficulties for many students. Therefore, it is necessary to remember such situations. These include words when E, , ,,, are directly at the beginning of a word, as well as after b and b or a vowel.
Before you make a sound-letter analysis of a word, you must definitely say it out loud. Do not automatically translate letters into sounds, as this can lead to errors. Do not start right away with difficult cases. To begin with, a child must learn basic things and bring them to automatism. You also need to remember that the characteristic is given not to letters, but to sounds.