What is a settlement or a settlement? This is the locality or region where the inhabitants liberated from oppression of the boyars and feudal lords lived. As a rule, such people were in the public service. This concept was used in Russia, Belarus and Ukraine.
At the beginning of the 20th century, Sloboda was already called a large rural settlement, where there were more than two churches, regular fairs were held, factory and industrial production flourished, and few were engaged in agriculture.
Historical reference
The first mentions of what a settlement is in the annals of the X-XI century. By the beginning of the XII century, the term was used everywhere and meant the part of the city where trade was carried out and industrial facilities were located. A little later, a settlement is already a separate village or even a group of several villages. As a rule, such a settlement was located near the fortified city, and the residents living in it were exempted from local duties. Hence the name. At the same time, citizens were not completely exempted from duties, their size and period were determined individually, depending on the place. Very often, settlements were formed on new lands, local residents were encouraged by the presence of great liberties, so that they explored new territories.
In the XVIII century, all benefits were abolished. Since that time there have been no questions about what a settlement is. At their locations, large and industrial settlements remained, where there were factories, workshops and factories.
City settlement
Until the 18th century, in the city of Sloboda, they called the area where there was self-government. In Moscow there were several such areas:
- palace;
- treasury bills;
- lordly;
- black
- military;
- foreign, which were actually an analogue of the ghetto, where foreigners compactly lived.
There were only two in Kitai Gorod:
There were no such areas in the Kremlin at all.
Moscow Sloboda
Pavlovskaya Sloboda is a historical settlement located in the Istra district (Moscow region). The village itself is mentioned in the letter of Ivan III in 1504. The dawn period fell on the reign of B. Morozov, who, due to the settlement, expanded his possessions and made it the capital. There were many workshops, an ironworks, gardens and ponds. The king himself even came here to hunt.
What is a settlement? At the end of the XIX beginning of the XX centuries - this is the united village of the same name and the settlement. And in 1921, the Arsenal was transferred here from Moscow, later a railway appeared. During the period of mass collectivization on the outskirts of the farm appeared "Hammer and Sickle." And in the Annunciation Church opens a tannery. In the winter of 1941, fierce battles of the 108th Infantry Division and the Germans were fought under the settlement. In the 1950s, a giant collective farm, The Way to Communism, appeared.
After 2006, the district disappears from the maps as a municipal unit, and all settlements are transferred to the village of the same name.
In the industrial district of Moscow there is Leninskaya Sloboda street. In ancient times, it was Simonovskaya Sloboda, with picturesque surroundings. Today, there is nothing reminiscent of those times, everything has been rebuilt, old buildings demolished, and factories and business centers in the district. And in 1930 there was the famous Lysine Pond. Even Karamzin Nikolai wrote about him in the novel “Poor Liza” (1792). The story says that it was in this pond that Lisa drowned, so later they began to call it a pond.