“Pushkin is our everything!” These words, familiar from childhood, deeply and truly emphasize the essence of Pushkin's poetry. It really has everything: the light, bright sadness of unfulfilled hopes, and the wise acceptance of not always fair laws of life, and a bright faith with friendship and love, and most importantly - an understanding of the pricelessness of every moment of our earthly being. That’s why the motto for all the poet’s creativity is to take the lines of his “Bacchic Song”: “Long live the sun, let the darkness hide!
“Winter Morning” - on the subject of the poem
In Pushkin’s lyrics, everything is so harmonious and proportionate that it can sometimes be difficult to single out the main theme of a poem or its idea. For example, what are these lines we have learned since elementary school: “Frost and sun, a wonderful day”? About the beauty of a clear winter morning? Or about the joy of the lyrical hero about the finally established weather after a stormy storm? Or about his happiness from the fact that night passed and the dawn sparkles on frosty glass patterns , and from the burning stove life-giving warmth flows, and next to it is sleepy, sweet, beloved ... What is the poem “Frost and the Sun ..." dedicated to? Landscape lyrics, love, philosophical? To understand this, you should analyze the work.
Composition
According to its compositional structure, “Winter Morning” can be attributed to a monologue poem with elements of dialogue. The lyrical hero - the poet - speaks to a "dear friend", urging him to wake up from sleep, enjoy the bright colors of a fabulously beautiful morning. He is delighted with the landscape that opens from the window: vast Russian open spaces and the expanse of mother winter. In the poem "Frost and the sun ..." we do not hear reciprocal remarks. In the foreground, only he is an enthusiastic poet, his soul, filled with emotions. The beloved is given only by hints, strokes: "... you were sad sitting ...", "... now look out the window ...", etc. However, the charming picture "Frost and the sun ..." has one more hero, no less important than the poet. This is Russian nature, the perfection of which is breathtaking. The internal states of both - man and nature - are in complete unity and harmony.
Contrast and its role
Pushkin "Frost and the sun ..." built not only as a lyrical monologue of a man open to the joys and beauty of the world. Used the poet and the reception of contrast. It is set from the very first stanza: “a wonderful day / you are still asleep”, towards the “northern Aurora” (dawn), be the “star of the north” (that is, no less beautiful than the dawn itself). Such a contrast with a hidden comparison is quite characteristic of Pushkin’s figurative system. The entire second stanza is a description of a winter storm and spiritual despondency, pale tones and semi-shades. But the last line in it is completely opposite in meaning and is a kind of bridge that allows you to logically go to the admiration of the Russian winter fairy tale. She is intriguing, bewitching, exciting. In the third stanza we see the contrast of the sparkling white snows and the dark strip of forest, but they are more in dialectical unity than in real contrast. Similar moments can be traced further throughout the text. Thus, the poem "Frost and the Sun ..." as a work of genius, harmoniously combines different phenomena, finding the thinnest points of contact between them.
From life to being
Pushkin has no trifles. Everything is important in his poetry: color, objectivity, sound background, even smells. For example, the fourth stanza. It would seem that it is special? The everyday atmosphere of the room: a stove, a stove bench, probably a shelf with books, a window as an exit to the outside world. Meanwhile, how “tasty”, everything is temptingly described in this part of the poem “Frost and the sun, a wonderful day”! The room is illuminated with an amber glow, that is, warm, golden, pierced by the sun; dust particles dance in the air; everything seems so joyful and bright, as in childhood. From here logically follows not just any, but the “funny” crackle of fire in the furnace. Its reflections through the shutter are mixed by sunbeams. All together it creates that atmosphere of comfort, cheerfulness, happiness of being and the fullness of sensations that are so rare and so valuable in our lives. Every detail is important here: both the book, which is “nice to think with”, and the “brown filly”, on which you can ride “in the morning snow”.
Theme and idea
What is the theme and idea of the poem? What did the poet want to say? Of course, the work belongs to the genre of landscape lyrics, more precisely - landscape-psychological, because the perception of nature is not given here abstracted, but through the internal state of the lyrical hero - the poet. We see it with his eyes, his feelings are already becoming our feelings. But it’s not mechanical overlay, far from it! Our own life and aesthetic experience is the indicator that verifies the truthfulness of the tonality of the Pushkin lyre. And this indicator tells you: the poet is truthful with his every line! Thus, the theme of the poem is man and nature, the relationship of the human soul with the natural world. And the idea is to show how, under the influence of the beauty of nature, the creative component in man awakens.